只說寫作。在11月上我強化班、考前點題班的學生，或者參考了博客上關于12月份預測的朋友，看到12號這道考題之后，是否發現是我講的原題?我在考前點題的時候，重點強調了：最后一次考試需要注意職業發展類和科技類的考題，而這次的題目不正是我點出的兩種話題的綜合嗎?
Using modern technology to work at home benefits workers only, but not employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
這道題目實際上是一道“骨灰級”的考題的語義擴大，以前見過的“是否同意在家辦公”或者“在家辦公的利弊”就是這道考題的原型，只是這道題目加上了“高科技手段”這樣一些限定字眼，其實完全可以具體化到“computers, the Internet, telecommunicating”等常見的科技類型。
這篇文章如果按照中庸的方式去寫，會比較容易構思一些，也就是主體加讓步的方式。下面提供一些思路，供大家參考。
1.在家工作的員工的生活方式首先將會改變�？梢造`活支配自己的時間flexible time allocation，不再需要朝九晚五的生活nine-to-five routine，能騰出時間照顧老人陪伴小孩。
2.在家工作改善了生活質量，創造了更多的生產力productivity，空閑的時間，提供了更多的教育和更少的污染。
3.管理者可以看到好處：病假sick leave的減少，年假annual leave的減少，工人補償減低以及辦公成本的節省
4.遠程辦公的靈活性是未來的趨勢
1.在家辦公的人面臨著被社交圈拋棄的危險：may face the risk that they will be left out of the communication loop.
2.在家辦公可能不會受到來自同事的干擾，但是卻要面臨電視、家務和家庭成員的干擾。
3.在家辦公意味著沒有支援，也不能在緊要關頭得到指導了和幫助。
4.雇主需要擔心職員是否足夠自律。
閱讀
There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends.
A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the “labor-market premium to skill”—or the amount college graduates earned that’s greater than what high-school graduate earned—decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (報復性地) since the 1980s. In 2005, The typical full-time year-round U.S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $50,900, 62% more than the $31,500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma.
There’s no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn’t come down merely to dollars and cents. Does going to Columbia University (tuition, room and board $49,260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($35,542)? Probably not. Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17,380) there? Not likely.
No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren’t evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product—like a car or clothes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to consider.
As with automobiles, consumers in today’s college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences (such as attending a private liberal-arts college or going to an out-of-state public school that has a great marine-biology program). And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. So which is it? Is college an investment product like a stock or a consumer product like a car? In keeping with the automotive world’s hottest consumer trend, maybe it’s best to characterize it as a hybrid (混合動力汽車); an expensive consumer product that, over time, will pay rich dividends. 完形
Some historians say that the most important contribution of Dwight Eisenhower’s presidency (總統任期) in the 1950s was the U.S. interstate highway system. It was a __62__ project, easily surpassing the scale of such previous human __63__ as the Panama Canal. Eisenhower’s interstate highways __64__ the nation together in new ways and __65__ major economic growth by making commerce less __66__. Today, an information superhighway has been built—an electronic network that __67__ libraries, corporations, government agencies and __68__. This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, __69__ it is the backbone (主干) of the World Wide Web.
The Internet had its __70__ in a 1969 U.S. Defense Department computer network called ARPAnet, which __71__ Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to __72__ information. In 1983 the National Science Foundation (NSF)， __73__ mission is to promote science, took over.
This new NSF network __74__ more and more institutional users, may of __75__ had their own internal networks. For example, most universities that __76__ the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. The NSF network __77__ became a connector for thousands of other networks. __78__ a backbone system that interconnects networks, internet was a name that fit.
So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure (基礎設施) on which web __79__ move. It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded __80__ research network.
Today, the Internet is a user-financed system tying institutions of many sorts together __81__ an “information superhighway.”
62. A.concise B.radical C.massive D.trivial
63. A.behaviors B.endeavors C.inventions D.elements
64. A.packed B.stuck C.suppressed D.bound
65. A.facilitated B.modified C.mobilized D.terminated
66. A.competitive B.comparative C.exclusive D.expensive
67. A.merges B.connects C.relays D.unifies
68. A.figures B.personalities C.individuals D.humans
69. A.and B.yet C.or D.while
70. A.samples B.sources C.origins D.precedents
71. A.stood by B.stood for C.stood against D.stood over
72. A.exchange B.bypass C.switch D.interact
73. A.their B.that C.when D.whose
74. A.expanded B.contracted C.attracted D.extended
75. A.what B.which C.these D.them
76. A.joined B.attached C.participated D.involved
77. A.moreover B.however C.likewise D.then
78. A.With B.By C.In D.As
79. A.contexts B.signs C.messages D.leaflets
80. A.citizen B.civilian C.amateur D.resident
81. A.into B.amid C.over D.toward
翻譯
82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ________ (說服他不買車)。
83. ________ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society.
84. When confronted with the evidence, ________ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行)。
85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think ________ (一定有人在說他們壞話)。
86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds ________ (很難抵制冰淇淋的誘惑)。 參考答案：
82. him out of buying a car
83. Keeping a sense of humor helps
84. he had no choice but to confess his crime
85. someone must be speaking ill of them/ there must be someone who is speaking ill of them
86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream
第二節：詞匯微觀突破
一。單詞記憶規律
及時復習：一小時內;睡前;醒后;隨時隨地。
二。英語單詞構詞法
Example
internationalize, internationalization
↑
Internationale
↑
internationalist, internationalism←international→internationality, internationally
↑
nation-wide←nation→nation-hood, nation-state
↓
nationally, nationality←national→nationalize, nationalization, nationalism
↓
nationalist, nationalistic, nationalistically
1. Prefixes
1) dis- (not, the opposite of) disadvantage, dislike, disagree, disappear, disarm, disaster, disastrous, disappoint, disable, disability, discharge, disclose, discount, discourage, discover, discovery, discrepancy, disease, disgrace, disguise, disgust, dishonor, dishonest, dismay, disorder, dispatch, disperse, displace, displacement, displease, disregard, dissatisfy, distort , distract, disintegrate, disparage, dispassion, disproportionate
2) in- (not, in, into) inability, incorrect, incapable, indirect, inhuman, injustice, informal, inside, include, inclusive, income, increase, increasingly, incredible, indefinite, independence, independent, indifferent, indispensable, individual, indoor, inertia , inevitable, infamous , infinite, inhabit , inhabitant, inherent , inject, inland , inlet , inner, innocent, innumerable , input, inquire, inquiry, insane, insensitive, insert, insight, insist, inspect, inspiration , inspire, install, installation, installment , instance, instant, instinct, insulate , intense, interior, internal, into, intrinsic, invade, invalid , invaluable , invariably , invasion, invert , investigate, invisible, involve, inward, incomplete, indecisive, inedible, inept, inevitably, infection, infirm, injection, innate, insecurity, insider, insidious, insatiable
3) im- (not, in, into) impossible, imbalance, immature, immoral, impatient, implicit , impress, impression, import, immigrate, imprison, immerse
4) il- (not) illegal, illiterate, illogical
5) ir- (not) irregular, irresponsible, irrespective
6) un- (not) unable, uncover, undo, undoubtedly, undress , uneasy, unemployment , unexpected, unfold , unfortunately, unimportant, unlike, unload, unusual, unaware, unenlightened, unparalleled, unsustainable
7) non- (not) nonsmoker, nonexistence, non-cooperation, nonstop, nonmetal, nonresident, nonsense, nonfundamentalist, nonspecialist
8) mis- (wrong, wrongly) misjudge, misunderstand, mislead, misspell, misstep, misfortune, misuse, misguided, misinformation
9) de- (showing the opposite, to remove, to reduce) deform, deface, demobilize, destruction, deforest, denationalize, depress, depression, devalue, decode, decrease, degenerate , degrade , descend, descendant , descent
10) pre- (before, in advance) prefix, pre-historic, precaution, precede , preceding, preclude , predecessor , predict, predominant , preface, prejudice, preliminary, premature , premier , premise , premium , preparation, prepare, prepay, preside , president, presumably, presume , pretext , prevail, prevent, previous, prewar, prediction, pre-scientific, presumptively, preconception
11) ante-, (before, in advance) anteroom, ante-Christian, antemeridian, anticipate, antique
12) fore- (in advance, before, in or at the front) forearm, forehead, foreman, foretell , foresee , forefather , foreleg, forerunner , fore , foremost, forecast, forewarn
13) ex- (out, out of, former) ex-minister, ex-president, ex-Soviet Union, ex-wife, export, exclude, exclusive, excursion, exhibit, exile , exit, exotic , expand, expansion, expedition , expel , expend , expenditure , expense, explode, explosion, explosive, expose, exposition , exposure, express, expression, extend, extension, extensive, exterior, external, extinct, extra, extract
14) post- (later than, after) postgraduate, postwar, postmeridian, postpone, postscript
15) sub- (under, below, less important) sub, subject, subway, subtitle, subdivide, submarine , sub-zero, submerge, submit, subordinate , subscribe , subsection, subsequent, subsidiary , subsidy , substance, substantial, substitute, subtract, suburb, subconsciously, subtly
16) infra- (below in a range, beyond) infrastructure , infrared
17) re- (again, back to a former state) react, reaction, recall, recede , receipt, recipient , reclaim , recognize, recognition, record, recorder, recover, recovery, recreation, recur , recycle , redundant , reflect, reflection, reflexion, reform, refrain , refresh, refreshment , refund , refute , reinforce, reject, remember, remind, removal, remove, renaissance , renew, repay , repeat, repeatedly, repel , repetition, replace, replacement, reply, report, reporter, represent, representative, repression , reproduce, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, restore, resume, return, reunion , reuse, review, revise, revive, revolt, revolution, revolutionary, revolve, reward
18) co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- (with together) co-existence, cooperate, cooperative , co-author, coalition , coherent , coincide , coincidence , collaboration , colleague, collide , collision, collocation, compassion, compassionate, concentric, confederation, conjoin, coordinate, correlate, correlation, correspond
19) inter- (between, among) international, interchange, interchangeable, interdependent, interpersonal, interview, interact , interaction, intercourse , interface , interfere, interference, Internet, interrupt, interval, intervene
20) macro- (large) macroeconomics , macrocosm , macrostructure
21) micro- (extremely small) microcomputer, microeconomics , microscope, microphone, microsurgery, microelectronics, microbiologist
22) super- (greater or more than) super, supermarket, supersonic , superman, superpower, supernatural, supervise , superb, superficial, superintendent , superior, superiority , supreme, supersystem
23) sur- (more than, beyond) surplus, surtax, surface, surpass , surround, survival, survive, suspect
24) ultra- (beyond, very, too) ultramodern, ultrasound, ultra-violet
25) auto- (of or by oneself) auto, autocriticism, autoland, automobile, automation , automatic, autobiography , autonomous , autonomy
26) mal- (bad, badly) malfunction, maltreat , malnutrition , malpractice
27) tele- (at or over a long distance, by or for television) telegram, television, telegraph, telephone, telecommunications , telescope, telescreen, teleswitch, televise
28) semi-, hemi- (half) semicircle, semiconductor, semi-colony , semifinal, hemisphere
29) uni-, mono- (one) uniform, unify , union, unique, unit, unite, unity, universe, universal, university, monologue , monoplane, monopoly , monotone, monotonous , carbon monoxide
30) bi-, di- (two) biweekly, bicycle, bilateral , billion, bilingual, dialogue, carbon dioxide
31) tri- (three) tricycle , triangle, triangular, trilogy , triple, trigonometry
32) quadri-, quadru- (four) quadruple, quadrangle
33) penta- (five) pentagon, Pentagon, Pentium
34) hexa- (six) hexagon, hexangular
35) sept- (seven) September, Sept-Wolves
36) octa- (eight) octagon, octave, octopus, October
37) nona- (nine) nonagon, November
38) deci-, deca- (ten) decade, decimal
39) centi- (hundredth part) centigrade, centimeter, centipede , century
40) kilo- (thousand) kilo, kilometer, kilogram(me)， kilowatt
41) mill- (thousand) millennium , millimeter
42) multi- (many) multipurpose, multinational, multiple, multiply, multitude
43) counter-, anti-, contra- (opposite, against) counteract, counterattack, counterclockwise, counterrevolutionary, antibiotic, antigravity, antimatter, antiwar, antinuclear, contradict, contradiction, contramissile, contranatural, contrary, contrast, anticonsumerism, anti-intellectualism
44) mini- (smallest, short) minibus, miniskirt, minimum, minister, minimize, ministry, minor, minority, minute
45) max- (greatest) maximum, maximal , maximize
46) out- (outside, beyond) outdo, outwit, outlive, outnumber, outdoor, outstanding, outskirts , outward, outcome, outer, outing , outline, outlook, output, outrage , outside
47) over- (too much, above, additional) overwork, overuse, overtake, overpass , overthrow , overturn , overall, overdue , overhead, overhear , overlook, overseas, overtime
48) trans- (across, on or to the other side of) transaction , transatlantic, transcend , transfer, transform, transistor , transit , transition , translate, translation, transmission, transmit, transmitter, transparent, transplant, transport, transportation
49) under- (too little, below) underdevelop, underdevelopment, underestimate, undergraduate, underground, underlie , underline, undersea, underlying , undermine , underneath, underwear
50) neo- (new) neo-Nazism, neolithic
51) be- (cause to be or have) befriend, belittle
52) bio- (life) biology, biography , autobiography, antibiotic, biochemistry, biosphere, biomedical
53) en- em- (cause to become, put into the stated condition) embody, empower, endanger, enlarge, enrich, encompass, enthrone, entrench
54) extra- (outside, beyond) extracurricular, extraordinary
55) mid- (middle) midday, midnight
56) poly- (many) polycentric, polydirectional, polysyllabic
57) pseudo- (not real, false) pseudomemory, pseudonym, pseudoscience
58) thermo- (heat) thermochemistry, thermometer
59) vice- (next in rank below) vice-chairman, vice-president
60) aero- (air) aerial , aeroplane, aeronautics, aerospace
61) cross- (across, going between the stated things and joining them) cross-country, crossbreed
62) intra- (inside, within; into) intracity, intra-department, intranet
63) pro- (in favor of, supporting) pro-America, pro-abortion
64) self- (by means of oneself or itself, of, to; with, for or in oneself or itself) self-employed, self-taught
65) step- (not by birth but through a parent who has remarried) stepmother, stepchildren
66) by-, bye- (less important) by-product, byway
67) a-, (on, in; not, without; intensive) aboard, abroad, ahead, ashore, aside, ashamed, awake, aware, abed, aflame; amoral, anarchy, anonymous, asocial, atom, apolitical, acentric; abide, alike, amaze, arise, arouse, await
68) ab-, abs- (the opposite of, away from, off) abnormal, abrupt, absent, abstract, abuse, abortion 2. Suffixes
Nouns
1) –ant, -ent applicant, component, servant, student
2) –er, -or, -ar employer, interviewer, trainer, painter, New Yorker, Northerner, lighter, cooker, conductor, beggar, arbiter, shipper
3) –ee absentee, abandonee, employee, interviewee, trainee
4) –eer engineer, pioneer
5) –an, -ian, -arian historian, humanitarian, librarian, musician, Canadian
6) –ese Chinese, Japanese
7) –ist artist, Marxist, capitalist, creationist, extremist, futurologist, manicurist, neuroscientist, oncologist, purist
8) –ism socialism, capitalism, mechanism, ableism, ageism, individualism, collectivism, creationism, optimism, pessimism, alphabetism
9) -ability, -ibility ability, flexibility, availability, capability, mutability
10) –age postage, shrinkage, wastage
11) –al arrival, refusal, revival
12) –ance, -ence appearance, reference
13) –ancy, -ency emergency, expectancy, delinquency
14) –cy accuracy, bankruptcy
15) –dom freedom, kingdom, wisdom
16) –ery bravery, cookery
17) –ess actress, lioness
18) –ette cigarette, novelette, cassette
19) –ful handful, spoonful
20) –hood childhood, brotherhood, neighborhood
21) –ics economics, electronics, mechanics, physics, mathematics, politics
22) –ion(-sion, -ssion -ition, -ation) decision, discussion, inflation, translation, action, correction, allegation, connotation, depletion, distortion, elimination, emulation, formulation, immunization, integration, manipulation, radiation, recitation, vaccination
23) –ity, -ty reality, curiosity, purity, security, certainty, cruelty, difficulty, loyalty, poverty, safety, municipality, triviality, affinity, diversity, ingenuity, maturity, mediocrity, mobility, sovereignty, timidity
24) –ment movement, agreement, harassment, refinement
25) –ness carelessness, greatness, friendliness, weakness, tiredness, inventiveness
26) –ology futurology, geology, biology, musicology, psychology, anthropology, cosmology
27) –ship hardship, friendship, sportsmanship, editorship
28) –th birth, death, breadth, strength, truth
29) -ure closure, exposure
Adjectives
30) –able, -ible acceptable, admissible, avoidable, eatable, countable, notable , suitable, variable, accessible, praisable, sizable, tangible
31) –al educational, additional, normal, natural, essential, detrimental, emotional, parental, patriarchal, promotional, spatial, surgical
32) –an, -arian, -ian suburban, disciplinarian, Canadian, partisan
33) –ant, -ent different, resultant
34) –ary, -ory advisory, customary, complementary, parliamentary
35) –ate considerate, fortunate, passionate
36) –en golden, wooden, woolen
37) –ern northern, southern
38) –ese Chinese, Japanese
39) –free carefree, troublefree
40) –ful careful, painful
41) –ic, -ical atomic, biological, economic, economical, historic, historical, classic, classical, scientific, medical, mechanic, mechanical, hypocritical, psychedelic, psychoactive, strategic, volcanic
42) –ish selfish, childish, womanish, greenish, reddish, yellowish, Swedish, Danish
43) –ive creative, decisive, supportive, adaptive, competitive, hyperactive, persuasive, pervasive, speculative
44) –less useless, fruitless, boundless, groundless, hopeless, jobless
45) –like childlike, ladylike
46) –ly, –y, -ry manly, monthly, hairy, noisy, scary
47) –ous, –ious, -uous, -eous various, continuous, courageous, courteous, harmonious
48) –proof airproof, bulletproof, fireproof, waterproof
49) –some tiresome, lonesome, quarrelsome, troublesome, worrisome
50) –ward downward, homeward
51) –ed purified, farfetched, frenzied
Verbs
52) –en deepen, fasten, lengthen, strengthen, harden, liken, tighten
53) –ify beautify, classify, electrify, horrify, identify, modify, simplify, justify, testify, verify, rectify
54) –ize, -yze, -ise, -yse analyze, modernize, industrialize, popularize, specialisation, professionalisation, penalize, urbanize, urbanization, normalize, normalization, politicize
Adverbs
55) –ly clearly, easily, quickly, ironically, radically
56) –ward, -wards inward, outward, upward, downward, homeward, northwards
57) -wise clockwise, otherwise
3. Stems
1) vis (to see) visible, vision, visual, visit, visitor, advice, supervise, television
2) agri (land) agriculture, agronomy
3) ann (year) anniversary, annual, semiannual, centennial
4) astro, aster (star) astrology, astronomy, astronaut, astrophysics, disaster, asteroid, astronomer
5) audi (to hear) audience, auditorium , audit , auditor , auditory, audio-visual
6) bell (war) rebel, rebellion, rebellious, belligerent
7) ced (to go) precede, precedent, unprecedented, exceed, proceed, succeed
8) cid, cis (to cut, to kill) decide, decision, decisive , concise, suicide, homicide, pesticide
9) claim (to cry, to shout) exclaim, proclaim, acclaim, clamor
10) clar (clear) declare, clarify, clarity
11) cord (heart) cordial, concord, discord , accord
12) cred (to believe, to trust) credible, incredible, credulous, credit, credential
13) dent (tooth) dental, dentist
14) dict (to say) contradict, dictate, dictator, predict, indicate, indicative
15) fact (to do, to make) factory, manufacture, benefactor, malefactor
16) flu (to flow) fluent, influence, influenza (flu)， fluid
17) geo (earth) geography, geometry, geology , geopolitics
18) gram, graph (to draw, to write) diagram, telegram, program, photograph, geography, telegraph
19) insul (island) insulate, insulator , insular, peninsula
20) ject (to throw) project, inject, reject, subject, eject
21) liber (free) liberate, liberty (at liberty)， liberal, liberalism
22) liter (letter) literate , literacy, illiterate, illiteracy, literature, literary, literal , literally
23) log (to speak) dialogue, apology, prologue, monologue, logic
24) manu (hand) manuscript , manufacture, manufacturer, manual, manage, management, manager
25) medi (middle) immediate, medium, media, mediate, medieval, median
26) mort (death) mortal, immortal, mortality
27) nov (new) novel, novelty, novice, innovate
28) ori (to rise) orient, oriental, Oriental, orientation, origin, original, originate, disorient
29) pend (to hang, money) depend, dependent, dependency, dependable, independent, suspend, expend, spend, expenditure, expense, expensive, pension
30) port (to carry) portable, import, export, deport, porter, support
31) pur (pure) purify , purity , Puritan
32) rect (correct, straight) correct, rectify , erect
33) rupt (to break) interrupt, disrupt, bankrupt, bankruptcy, corrupt
34) sal (salt) salary, salad
35) sist (to stand) resist, resistance, resistible, consist, assist, exist, insist, persist
36) spect (to look) spectacle, spectacular, prospect, retrospect, inspect, respect, suspect, circumspect , spectator , conspicuous , perspective
37) spir (breath) inspire, inspiration, spirit
38) tract (to draw) tractor, attract, protract, contract, abstract, extract, distract
39) urb (city) urban, suburb, suburban
40) vac (empty) vacant, vacation, vacuum
41) vit (life) vital, vitality, vitamin, vitalize
42) viv (to live) survive, survival, survivor, revival, vivid, vivacity
4. Compounds
breakfast, brunch, businessman, dragonfly, headmaster, headquarters, history, mankind, masterpiece, person, sit-in, downsize, backbone, lifestyle, lockout, newsletter, scapegoat, signpost, smallpox, spymaster, stakeholder, standstill, stockpile, trustworthy |
