2010年6月大學英語四六級考試寫作全面解讀(6)

　　第四章 熱點集結——城市發展

　　一、熱點話題：城市發展﹑住房問題﹑垃圾處理﹑偽劣商品、下崗就業、城市移民、人口、 老齡化、打工

　　二、熱門詞匯：

　　apartment/flat公寓 cafeteria咖啡廳

　　capital首都 district區

　　junk shop舊貨店 metropolis大都市

　　monument紀念碑 city planning城市規劃

　　municipal市的，市政的 municipality市政當局

　　city centre市中心 city hall市政廳，市政府

　　museum博物館 newsstand報攤

　　skyscraper摩天大樓 traffic light交通燈

　　residential area住宅區 slums貧民區

　　to pay by installments分期付款 densely populated人口分布稠密

　　stadium體育場 art gallery 美術館

　　botanical garden 植物園 stock exchange股票交易所

　　shopping center購物中心 employment agency職業介紹

　　support贍養 foster養育、撫養

　　aging of population人口老齡化 family care家庭照料

　　community services社區服務 overpopulation人口過剩

　　unemployment失業 public services公益服務

　　overcrowding擁擠 population explosion人口爆炸

　　undeveloped countries不發達國家 social welfare system社會福利事業

　　solid economic foundation穩固的經濟基礎 migrant worker農民工

　　take different attitudes采取不同的態度 economic development經濟發展

　　rush into the city沖進城市 city residents / urban dweller城市居民

　　underpaid低工資 traffic congestion交通擁擠

　　indispensable不可或缺的 pose a threat to構成威脅

　　sanitation problem衛生問題

　　三、經典句式：

　　1.It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.

　　人們希望建立更多的醫院、購物中心、娛樂中心、電影院和其他公用設施來滿足人們日益增長的需求。

　　2.It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

　　無可爭辯，現在有成千上萬的人仍過著挨餓受凍的痛苦生活。

　　3.No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

　　沒有人能否認這一基本事實：對于一般工人來講，輕松掌握這些技術是不可能的。

　　4.In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.第二方面，失業的人似乎太多而又沒有足夠的工作崗位。

　　5.From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.

　　通過以上討論，我完全相信，隨著現代社會的進步，悠閑的生活方式正在消失并不是件壞事。

　　6.There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

　　現在，越來越多的家長傾向于留在家里照顧他們的孩子而不愿過早返回工作崗位。

　　7.Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

　　那些城市的規劃者們如果忽視這一點，將會付出他們無法承受的代價。

　　8.There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

　　農民進城打工呈增長的趨勢，這一問題在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍關注。

　　9.Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

　　盡管民工對城市的經濟發展做出了巨大貢獻，然而他們也不可避免的帶來了一些負面影響。

　　10.As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.

　　眾所周知，假冒偽劣商品損害了消費者的利益。

　　四、熱點預測：就業擇業 網絡/媒體購物

　　例文一

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic More Candidates for Civil Servant. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

　　1、 現在有越來越多的大學應屆畢業生報考公務員，帶來了一定的不利因素;

　　2、 列舉兩到三個不利因素加以論述;

　　3、 你對此有何看法。

　　【思路點撥】

　　本文是一篇主要論述大學生報考公務員增多的原因和對此看法的文章。從提綱可以看出，文章是側重分析這一現象背后深層次的原因。所以第一段簡單闡述大學生報考公務員增多的現象并分析原因;第二段可用論證或是舉實例的方法列舉其不利因素;第三段提出作者觀點或是針對這一現象的負面影響的對策。

　　【參考范文】

　　More Candidates for Civil Servant

　　Nowadays many college graduates apply for civil servant positions. It is true that the positions are ideal in terms of incomes, employment security and respect of others. However, the ever increasing number of applicants doesn't necessarily mean a good thing. The fever for civil servant has brought some side effects. The side effects are listed as follows:

　　Firstly, many students apply for the positions for wrong reasons. Some of them apply just because their friends do it or because their parents want them. Some, instead of aiming at serve the people, have the intention of enjoying the interests and power brought by their future position. Secondly, too many candidates compete for limited positions. Take such hot positions as those in the judicial branch of government for example, it is estimated that one matriculate is selected out of 200 candidates. More worse, with the flow of most talents to such positions, those positions that are important for social welfare but inferior in personal welfare are left uninterested. This should arouse our deep concern.

　　For my part, college students should be cautious when deciding whether to apply for the positions. On the one hand, they should not follow others blindly. On the other hand, there are plenty of ways of employment and self-employment, so why crowd on one bus? In a word, the fever should be cooled down.

　　【點評】

　　本文屬于現象解釋型作文。首先通過對當前很多人報考公務員這一現象進行闡釋，接著討論造成這一想像的原因，最后總結全文，表達自己對此的觀點。文中精彩詞匯包括：apply for，the ever increasing number of，compete for，arouse our deep concern，cooled down。其中句式It is estimated that…;以及疑問句的使用So why crowd on one bus?也成為文章亮點。

　　例文二

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Media and Shopping. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

　　1. 當今，各種媒體非常發達，人們通過媒體購物相當普遍起來;

　　2. 媒體購物給人們帶來很多方便，同時也暴露出其弊端;

　　3. 我的看法。

　　【思路點撥】

　　提綱第1點指出一種新興事物時下非常流行，提綱第2點針對比該事物的優勢和缺陷，提綱第3點要求表明“我”的看法，由此可判斷本文應為利弊對比型作文。根據所給提綱，本文應包含如下內容：描述時下媒體發展迅猛，媒體購物也逐漸流行;闡述其優點和弊端;最后談談自己的看法擬或是提出對策如何最大限度的減少其弊端的影響。網絡課堂對傳統課堂的挑戰;提出關于網絡課堂是否會取代傳統課堂的兩種不同觀點并說明理由;表明“我”的態度并說明理由。

　　【參考范文】

　　Media and Shopping

　　With numerous technological advances, various kinds of media have been well developed. As a result, an increasing number of people are fond of purchasing goods with the help of media, such as newspapers, radio stations, TV stations and the Internet.

　　As we know, there are always two sides to everything and shopping via media is no exception. On the one hand, it saves much time, money and effort to purchase goods through media since you don’t have to go to the shops in person. Besides, you can choose what you want from an enormous variety of goods on display. On the other hand, you may be cheated sometimes by the false information and suffer a considerable loss.

　　As far as I am concerned, shopping via media brings great benefits to our life and our economy on the whole. At the same time, we need strengthened supervision over the information released via media. In this way, we can gain more benefits from shopping via media and reduce the possible harm to a minimum.

　　【點評】

　　文章屬于現象解釋型文章，首先從時下非常流行的網上購物現象入手，接著指出該事物的優勢和缺陷，最后表明“我”的看法。文中精彩詞匯包括：with the help of，suffer a considerable loss，brings great benefits to，on the whole，gain more benefits from，reduce the possible harm to a minimum等。