六級漢譯英講義
一、漢譯英應試原則和基本程序
(一)漢譯英應試原則
手法靈活(如遇難譯之處，換用其它相近說法表達)
語法正確(避免時態、語態、單復數等語法錯誤)
內容忠實(必須把原文的內容準確而完整地表達出來，不得有任何歪曲、遺漏或增刪)
語言閃光(譯文符合英語表達習慣，且用詞準確、多樣)
(二)漢譯英基本程序
1.理解 通讀并透徹理解原文含義
2.翻譯 確定譯文句子的時態、句型、結構和用詞
3.審校 首先檢查譯文是否正確地轉述了原文內容，是否有錯譯和漏譯;其次，檢查是否有語言上的明顯錯誤，如時態、語態、單復數、拼寫、大小寫、標點符號等。發現錯誤，及時改正。
二、漢譯英專項練習
一、倍數增減的表示法
1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).
2) This substance _______________(反應速度是另外那種物質的三倍).
3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).
4) The landlord _______________(想將租金提高三分之一).
5) They _______________(計劃將投資增加一倍).
二、時態
1) Be quick, _______________(否則等我們到達教堂時婚禮就已經結束了).
2) When she got home, _______________(孩子們已經睡著了).
3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐將在海邊度假).
4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的簡歷).
5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已經有五年沒有度假了).
6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他參軍已五年了).
三、被動語態
1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被電腦和投影機所取代).
2) The book _______________(到今年年底就將已出版).
3) Computer models _______________(可以用來演示細胞工作的方式).
4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我驚呆了，價格大大超出了我的預料).
5) _______________(必須立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.
四、情態動詞
1) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是沒人接聽。她一定不在家).
2) I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).
3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定夢見什么可怕的東西了).
4) It’s a pity. _______________(你本應該邀請她來參加你的畢業典禮的).
5) _______________(其實我沒必要穿上我最好的套裝去參加那次聚會的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.
五、虛擬語氣
1) I wish _______________(我年輕的時候有你們這樣的機會).
2) If only _______________(他知道這病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.
3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?
—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成藍色的，而且不帶任何裝飾).
4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題).
5) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大會上發表演說似的).
6) We insist that _______________(讓杰克立刻進醫院).
7) It was advised that _______________(在居民區設立更多的流動商店).
8) His proposal was that _______________(他們成立一個專門委員會來檢查這個問題).
9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考試).
10) It is ridiculous that _______________(我們在一個總是下雨的國家還缺水).
11) It is essential that _______________(每個人都為緊急情況做好準備).
12) _______________(如果他按照我告訴他的辦法訂票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.
13) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的話打斷了).
14) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就會濕的).
15) _______________(如果我一直住在紐約), I would know the U.S. well now.
16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他現在就不在人間了).
17) But for his help, _______________(我們就不會以這么低的價格租到房子了).
18) I used my calculator; _______________(否則，我會花更長的時間才能算出這道題).
19) Were I in your place, _______________(我會毫不猶豫地抓住機會).
20) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(這項法案早就通過了).
21) Should there be another world war, _______________(人類的繼續存在就會有危險).
22) He walked lightly _______________(以免驚醒嬰兒). |
