2010年6月大學英語四六級考試寫作全面解讀(7)

　　第四章 熱點集結——生態環境

　　一、熱點話題：保護自然資源、石油天然氣緊張、空氣污染、全球變暖、自然災害、太陽能 的利用

　　二、熱門詞匯

　　to protect the environment保護環境

　　ecology; ecological system生態系統

　　abundant natural resources豐富的自然資源

　　petroleum石油

　　renewable resources可再生資源

　　solar energy太陽能

　　electric power電力

　　hydropower水電

　　to destroy the ozone layer破壞臭氧層

　　nuclear energy核能

　　wild life; wild animals 野生動物

　　endangered species瀕臨滅絕的物種

　　to deplete; depletion of; exhaust; use up用盡

　　deforestation 砍伐森林

　　abuse the earth’s resources濫用地球資源

　　global warming全球變暖

　　desertification 沙漠化

　　endanger existing species 危害現存物種

　　greenhouse effect溫室效應

　　sustainable development可持續發展

　　to recycle; recycling重復利用;再生

　　exhaust gas廢氣

　　industrial waste 工業廢料

　　energy crisis能源危機

　　liquid waste廢液

　　water waste廢水

　　the deterioration of environment環境惡化

　　make joint efforts攜手

　　destruction of ecological balance生態環境破壞

　　chemical plant化工廠

　　cut down large numbers of trees大量砍伐樹木

　　public hazard公共危害

　　drain a large amount of waste water排出一大堆廢水

　　sweep席卷

　　give off a strong smell發出強烈的味道

　　global climate全球氣候

　　adopt several strong measures采取強烈措施

　　flood farmland淹沒農田

　　take control over our environment控制我們的環境

　　acid rain酸雨

　　be plagued with因……而遭受痛苦

　　unclear and impure混濁不清

　　mountain torrents break out山洪爆發

　　suffer a great deal from深受其害

　　appeal to the government向政府呼吁

　　set up a foundation建立一筆基金

　　punish severely by the law依法嚴懲

　　encourage city-residents鼓勵市民

　　protect forest resources保護森林資源

　　air pollution空氣污染

　　extremely serious problem極其嚴重的問題

　　fight against與戰斗

　　pose a host of public hazards造成了許多公害

　　greenhouse effect溫室效應

　　lead to grave consequences導致了嚴重的后果

　　ever-accelerated不斷發展

　　water and soil conservation水土保持

　　weather forecast天氣預報

　　exert a disastrous effect on產生災難性的影響

　　raw materials原料

　　let this situation go as it is任由態勢發展

　　suffer a great destruction遭受破壞

　　pursue one’s short-term interest追求眼前利益

　　deterioration of the ecology生態惡化

　　raise people’s awareness of the environment提高人們環境意識

　　use up valuable energy resources用盡珍貴的資源

　　conservation of the natural environment保護自然環境

　　enhance the quality of life提高生活質量

　　cause serious environmental pollution造成嚴重污染

　　break the ecological balance破壞生態平衡

　　for the future generations; for our descendants 為了子孫后代

　　bring about a lot of losses / disasters造成巨大損失/災難

　　三、經典句式：

　　1.There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

　　無可否認，空氣污染是一個極其嚴重的問題：城市當局應該采取有力措施來解決它。

　　2.Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy pric.

　　任何政府忽視這一點都將付出巨大的代價。

　　3.In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

　　考慮到問題的嚴重性，在事態進一步惡化之前，必須采取有效的措施。

　　4. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

　　我們應該不遺余力地美化我們的環境。

　　5. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

　　這一觀點正受到越來越多人的質疑。

　　6.Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

　　環境學家指出：持續增加的污染不僅會導致像全球變暖這樣嚴重的問題，而且還將威脅到人類在這個星球的生存。

　　7.In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

　　考慮到這些嚴重的狀況，我們比以往任何時候更需要像自行車這樣的環保型交通工具。

　　8. A series of environment protection rules and regulations need to be laid down

　　必須制定一系列的環境保護條例。

　　9. This issue/phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

　　這一問題/現象在全世界許多地方已引起了廣泛關注。

　　10.At the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.

　　當技術的發展意味著我們會吸入更多有害氣體時，我們比任何時候更需要森林。

　　四、熱點預測：能源短缺問題/加氣難問題 自然災害

　　例文一

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Solve the Energy Shortage. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

　　1. 當今，能源短缺成為越來越嚴重的問題;

　　2. 如果采取適當的措施，這個問題是可以解決的;

　　3. 我的看法。

　　【思路點撥】

　　典型的問題解決型作文。根據提綱本文各部分內容應包括：開門見山指出當前存在的資源緊缺的問題極其嚴重性;以說理或舉例的方式來說明這一問題是可以解決的;總結并陳述“我”的看法。

　　【參考范文】

　　How to Solve the Energy Shortage

　　Energy shortage is a very serious problem in the world. Many people worry that energy resources on the earth will be exhausted if we use them in an unchecked way. This, most people agree, will cause serious problems and even crisis and jeopardize the survival of mankind .

　　On the one hand, most people agree that the problem can be solved in one way or another. One is to conserve and save our energy. Energy refers not only to coal, oil, or natural gases but also to goods, land and water, etc. Most countries have realized the wastefulness in their using of energy. They are trying to conserve energy. For example, some countries have a daylight saving system to use less electricity for lighting. Some cities have enforced water savers at public such as restrooms and bars. Some have enforced serious penalties on overuse of electricity, water, and farming land. By these means, people hope the drain on energy resources could be slowed down.

　　However, conservation alone cannot solve the problem. Another way, perhaps the best I think, is to develop new energy resources. Obviously, no matter how hard we try to save energy resources and how abundant they are, we will use them up sooner or later. I think there are many energy resources that we can develop and utilize. We don't have to depend only on the current conventional energy resources. There are many other energy resources that we can develop such as nuclear power, waterpower and solar power. These resources, if developed, can completely replace the conventional energy and thus solve the problem of energy shortage.

　　【點評】

　　文本是問題解決型作文。文章首先提出能源匱乏這一現象，接著討論這個問題的解決方式，并提出自己的看法。符合提綱中的要求。另外文章亮點不斷，例如：one way or another，conserve energy，slowed down，sooner or later等等。

　　例文二

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Appeal. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline given below:

　　在過去幾年中，我們已經目睹了人類活動引起的各種災害。作為一位大學生，請寫一封倡議書，呼吁大家關注這些自然災害并保護環境，內容應包括：

　　1.舉出人類活動引發的災害的實例;

　　2.指出一些必要的防范措施;

　　3.號召大家行動起來拯救地球。

　　【思路點撥】

　　本題要求寫一封倡議書。首先應明確的是這是應用文，要注意其開頭的格式。其次從主體內容上來說，還是提綱式作文的一貫思路。首先點明寫信的目的：呼吁大家關注人類活動對地球造成的危害，陳述災害的具體表現;為了拯救地球，我們應當采取哪些措施;號召大家行動起來拯救地球。

　　【參考范文】

　　A Letter of Appeal

　　June 13, 2008

　　Dear friends,

　　I am writing this letter to call on everyone to pay attention to the present disasters caused by human activities. As some of you may know, over the past years, floods, droughts, landslides, and dust storms have frequented our planet. Not long ago, tsunami swept the Southeast Asia, which caused enormous damage. All these have sounded an alarm to human beings. So it is high time that we join efforts to save our planet.

　　Above all, a task of top priority for us is to plant trees as many as possible, especially in the arid areas. At the same time, we should stop deforesting in large amount. And we can save our planet through many other ways, such as saving water and using recycled paper.

　　So don't hesitate to act out these measures. Even a small action is meaningful to our planet. Please join us in the action of protecting our planet. If you are willing to do something to save our planet, please start from the little thing right around you. Thank you!

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Li Ming

　　【點評】

　　本文是一封倡議書信。首先文章形式上符合書信的格式。在內容上首先說明寫作目的，接著提出自己的倡議。最后發出呼吁，并表示感謝。語言上，亮點不斷，如：call on，pay attention to，frequented our planet，sounded an alarm to，in large amount，act out these measures等等。