1．My View on Fake Commodities (1998.1)
1. 假冒偽劣商品的危害。
2. 怎樣杜絕假冒偽劣商品。
My View on Fake Commodities
Nowadays fake commodities have flooded almost every inch of the market. Wherever you are, whatever you do, it seems that you can hardly have fallen prey to them. In other words, it is highly probable that you have bought some of those fake goods or products of inferior quality.
Needless to say, fake commodities have already done great harm to our society. On the one hand, they will ruin the good reputation of genuine products and disturb the balance of the market. On the other hand, the prevalence of such products has hindered interpersonal relationship and resulted in the decline of public morality. As a consequence, they have wasted exhaustible resources, endangered people’s precious life and health, and in the long run eroded public trust.
Then, what should be done to do away with fake commodities? To start with, the government needs to tighten its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. Secondly, honest businessmen should modify some long-accepted practices at the protection of their intellectual property right. Most important of all, we consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to distinguish between the genuine and the phoney and definitely say no to the fake ones. In one word, the coordinated effort of the whole society will put an end to fake commodities.
2．Changes in the Ownership of Houses (2003.6) 
要求：1、根據上圖描述該市住房產權的變化；
2、分析產生這些變化的原因；
3、說明這些變化對個人和社會產生的影響。
Changes in the Ownership of Houses
As is shown in the chart, great changes have taken place in the ownership of houses in the city. There has been a steady decline in the percentage of state-owned houses from 75 in 1990 to 20 in 2000. On the contrary, the percentage of private houses has been on the rise.
Several factors may account for the trend. For one thing, owing to the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, the past decade witnessed significant improvement in people’s standard of living. In other words, they have had the means to purchase houses of their own. For another, people’s ideas about consumption have undergone some radical changes. In the past, they were reluctant to spend, but now they are willing to buy. Anyway, it is much more comfortable to dwell in a house of one’s own.
These changes in the ownership have already had a positive effect on both individuals and society. Individuals, young people in particular, will be motivated to work harder to purchase a nest of their own. As a result, the housing industry will be boosted and more revenues will be raised to cover other sectors of our national economy. 議論型作文
1. Should College Students Live on Campus
a. 有些人喜歡住在學校的宿舍，因為……
b. 有些人喜歡住在校外，因為……
c. 我的看法
There are an increasing number of students who choose to live off campus. Parents and university administrations understandably reacted differently. They voiced concerns about security and the threat of off-campus lifestyles getting out of control. However, college students have their own reasons for their choices.
Some students prefer to live on campus for the following reasons. First, campus residents are closer to classes, the library, and other resources, so they are more likely to succeed in college and complete their bachelor’s degree in four years. Furthermore, Living in a dorm is a great opportunity to meet all kinds of new people and develop relationships with them, so students living on campus are more sociable. Last but not the least, living on campus is cheaper and more convenient. Often times, off-campus housing is more expensive than on-campus housing and while living on campus, you don’t have to worry about monthly rent payments and utility bills.
Some others choose to live off campus because they believe living off campus they are more independent, with more privacy and a lot more quiet time. Living off campus gives them freedom from those dorm rules and allow them to set their own. The extra space also means that one can probably find a quiet place to study in the convenience of his own home.
As for me, I’m a faithful supporter of the former group because I, living on campus myself, have witnessed and enjoyed all the convenience and happiness of doing so. To me, living on campus undoubtedly adds an important element to the complete college experience.
2. Pursuit of A Master’s Degree
a. 根據下圖描述某校畢業生畢業意向的變化
b. 分析選擇讀研的畢業生數目增加的原因
c. 說明選擇讀研對個人和社會產生的影響
 
It is illustrated in the pie charts that graduates’ choices after graduation have experienced much change. The number of students choosing to pursue a master’s degree and study abroad grows several times over the decade.
The reasons of the increasing number of students pursuing a master’s degree are as follows. First, with the number of college graduates growing each year, the situation in the job market is getting tighter and tighter. The public awareness of the situation has created a surge of interest in seeking a master’s degree. Secondly, many cross-national companies set a much higher standard for new recruits than ever. It seems that the higher education you have, the higher salary you may receive.
Choosing to study for master’s degree will benefit the individuals and the whole society as well. The quality of Chinese intellectuals will be considerably enhanced, which in turn will boost the progress of the whole society.
3 Directions: Suppose you are Wei Qiang and you will graduate from university. Write a letter of inquiry to the Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, asking for admission as a graduate student.
July, 2007
Dear Sirs,
I am very interested in undertaking graduate work in your university. I have read research papers by two of your professors Dr. Thomas Bay and Mr. Sherry Haily. I’d like to study under their guidance.
In September of 2003 I was enrolled in the Computer School of the XYZ University as a computer major. Throughout the four years of study, I take this field as one of great potentials for my country. I feel the need to study further in order to develop well in this area.
I would appreciate receiving your materials such as departmental brochure or pamphlet, and a university catalog or bulletin.
Thank you for your consideration. I am looking forward to your reply.
Respectfully yours,
Wei Qiang 4. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Say “Thank You” to Parents. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 很多的大學生從未跟父母道過謝 2. 請說明原因 3. 你的建議
According to a recent survey involving over 3000 undergraduates, 35% of university students have never said “Thank you” to their parents. Their parents have done all they could to bring them up in the past score of years, but have never been rewarded with gratitude.
The subjects claim such reasons as follows. First and foremost, a quarter of the interviewed students regard it as parents’ duty to support them spiritually and financially. And it is not necessary to express appreciation to their parents. However, the majority of youngsters are aware of their parents’ tender love but are not accustomed to saying “Thank you”. Some even find a generation gap between themselves and their parents, thus feeling reluctant to express their affection for their parents.
In my opinion, extending thankfulness to our parents is a way of respecting them and their love. We should express our feelings directly and bravely, but what’s more important is, we should do all that we can to reward them.
（一）Fire Prevention on Campus
1. 前段時間校園火災頻發，造成生命和財產損失
2. 分析火災發生的原因
3. 作為學生，如何預防校園火災發生
●審題概述●
這是一分析火災原因和如何預防火災為中心的文章，撰寫時重點即在于此。開篇綜述校園火災頻發情形及造成的生命和財產損失，然后說明火災原因，最后提出可能的火災預防措施。第一段，主要概述；第二段，說明原因；第三段，詳細論述措施。
【范文】
l Fire Prevention on Campus
People are alarmed by the succession of campus fires in recent years. In each of these accidents, heavy casualties were reported – houses were burned down, students lost their lives, and properties were damaged. Faced with such a chilling fact, people keep asking, “What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?”
A brief survey of them reveals that human factors still prove to be the leading causes. For example, three of these fires were caused by the students’ use of electric water-heaters. As students often leave the heaters unattended, the risks are rather high should the water in the bottle boil dry while no one is around to turn off the power. In other cases, fires were also caused by stoves, candles, cigarette butts, etc.
Since most of these disasters could have been prevented if proper precautions had been taken, students should be better educated on the importance and measures of fire control. The following three reminders are of particular importance for us students: First, learn how to use a fire extinguisher. Second, double-check candles, heaters, stoves and other electric appliances, and make sure there are no open flames before leaving rooms. Lastly, do not smoke in the dorm.
◇第一段思路點評：
概述并引入下文
◇語言點提示：
（1）此句What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?常可作為過渡句，引出下文
（2）注意描述有關火災客觀事實，多使用被動語態，如are alarmed by，were reported，were burned down，were damaged，Faced with。
◇第二段思路點評：
論述火災的主要原因是使用電熱水器，還有造成火災的次要原因是實用電爐、蠟燭和亂扔煙蒂，
◇語言點提示：
electric water-heaters電熱水器
◇第三段思路點評：
詳述預防火災的三點措施，注意使用連接詞語first, second, lastly。
◇語言點提示：
take precautions采取預防措施
fire extinguisher滅火器 （二）Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts
1. 校園盜竊案件時有發生
2. 物品被盜的原因
3. 學生如何加強防盜意識
●審題概述●
這是一篇論述校園物品被盜和加強防盜意識的文章。第一段，主要陳述校園盜竊案件發生的情況。第二段，主要分析校園物品被盜的原因。第三段，主要闡述學生怎樣增強防盜意識。
【范文】
l Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts
“If you don’t want to wake up and find you have no pants to wear, you’d better put them on in sleep,” goes a popular joke among students. Obviously, campus thefts have become increasingly annoying as they occur far more often than before. And it seems that the thieves are less choosy these days, with their targets ranging widely from bikes, cell phones, purses, pre-paid IC cards to sunglasses, bags, and even underwear. In short, anything that worth a dime is likely to be stolen.
What makes students the easy targets? The reasons are not hard to find. But I believe of all these reasons, the lack of anti-theft alertness is the most important. For lack of alertness, the students tend to leave the doors and windows wide open during sleep at noon or at night in summer. For the same reason, they’ll also leave their bikes unlocked before a store or by a road, or forget to take away their personal stuff before they go out of the classroom to make a phone call. These acts undoubtedly have increased their exposure to the light-fingered monsters.
In order to minimize possible losses, the students must stay on guard in the first place, as awareness of the thefts around often makes a big difference. To be more specific, the students should not hide any tempting amount of cash in the dorm. Put it in the bank instead. Besides, do not leave any valuable items unattended. Take them wherever you go. In addition, it’s advisable to develop a neighbourhood watch programme with other students in the dorm and neighbouring dorms.
◇第一段思路點評：
陳述校園盜竊案件發生的情況
◇語言點提示：
it seems that此句型表示一種可能性
◇第二段思路點評：
說明被盜原因
◇語言點提示：
（1）What makes students the easy targets?此句引出下文
（2）anti-theft alertness防盜意識
（3）lack of alertness缺乏警惕
（4）light-fingered小偷小摸的、慣行扒竊的
◇第三段思路點評：
闡述如何加強防盜意識
◇語言點提示：
注意關聯詞語in the first place，Besides，In addition的使用可使行文更富邏輯性。
（三）How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?
1. 網絡提供給了人們豐富多彩和便捷的生活
2. 很多人開始感覺離開網絡寸步難行
3. 你對網絡依賴癥的看法
● 審題概述●
本文是一篇論述你對網絡與人們生活關系的文章。第一段，側重簡述網絡給人們生活的多彩、便利。第二段，詳述網絡與人們生活的緊密度。第三段，論述對網絡依賴的觀點。
【范文】1：
l How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?
If asked whether the Internet is the greatest discovery of the 20th century, my answer would be yes. The Internet has drawn the world closer together, realized countless incredible dreams, and provided modern people with a great many conveniences and a brilliant life.
Today, many people simply feel they cannot live without the Internet. Governments publish their latest policies and decisions online for worldwide recognition. Political campaigns are often done online to gain wider public support. Companies and enterprises resort to the Internet for more business opportunities and potential customers home and abroad. Universities and researchers turn to the Internet if they’d seek international cooperation or funding. Common folks like us also rely on the cyber world in various ways, for communication, entertainment, banking and shopping.
True, the power of the Internet is all pervasive and its many negative effects are already visible. For example, Internet addicts tend to withdraw to their own fantasy world rather than communicate with a real person. Children are exposed to online pornography and violence. Internet frauds are an everyday occurrence. In view of all this, you are advised to use the Internet with wisdom. Keep it at a safe distance and never lose yourself.
◇第一段思路點評：
綜述網絡給人們生活帶來的多彩和便捷。兩個長句足矣。第一句用if引導的條件句引出“網絡”話題，第二句概述網絡帶給多彩和便捷的生活。
◇語言點提示：
has drawn…, realized, and provided此為謂語連動式的運用。
◇第二段思路點評：
詳述網絡與人們生活的緊密關系，先總述，后分述。
◇語言點提示：
resort to借助、訴諸、求助于
◇第三段思路點評：
先陳述人們對網絡的依賴，再談對此的看法。
◇語言點提示：
（1）negative effects副作用、反面作用
（2）addicts成癮者、依戀者
（3）fantasy world虛擬世界、虛幻世界
（4）pornography色情表演、色情作品
（5）fraud欺騙、詐騙 【范文】2：
As a primary source of information as well as an efficient means of communication, the Internet offers people a colourful and convenient life. Just by clicking the mouse, we can enjoy a brilliant and easy life that could not be achieved ever before: shopping, making friends, contacting relatives, looking for jobs, downloading music and movies, conducting business deals, and freely airing our opinions.
For its convenience, the Internet has attracted people like magnets and some people even claim that it is indispensable. To them, life can’t go on without it. Every day millions of people spend hours on end surfing the Internet. They are obsessed with it so much so that they forget many other important matters.
As for me, I don’t approve of unrestrained Internet reliance. Although the Internet is a gift of the technological revolution and a blessing of this information age, we should never let it control our life. The Internet absolutely doesn’t mean the whole world to us. Instead, we should guard against its negative effects. To those Internet addicts, I would add: “Self-control can make or break your life. With proper use, the Internet serves you; otherwise, it kills you.”
（四）Craze for Civil Service Examinations
1. 現在有越來越多的大學畢業生報考公務員
2. 引起此現象的原因
3. 你的看法
● 審題概述●
本文是一篇主要論述大學生報考公務員增多的原因和對此看法的文章。第一段，主要綜述大學生報考公務員增多的現象。第二段，側重分析引起此現象的原因。第三段，重點談你對此的觀點。
【范文】
l Craze for Civil Service Examinations
Every year hundreds of thousands of people in China take civil service exams conducted at various levels in the hope of becoming government employees. Among them, college graduates are a fast-growing force that can’t be ignored. The craze for being a civil servant is not limited to liberal arts majors, as it’s also gaining popularity among science and engineering students.
In the final analysis, this growing trend among the youngsters is mainly attributable to two factors – ambitions and comforts. On the one hand, many ambitious college graduates view these exams as a springboard to a higher social status, greater power and prestige, on which many of their other wishes rest. On the other, as being a civil servant generally means a stable income, enviable healthcare and pension programmes, as well as other comforts of life, it’s quite an appealing career option to many people, especially in this age of sluggish world economy.
Personally, the desire to be a government official is beyond reproach, as the nation and the people do need an injection of new blood into the civil service sectors. The fresh-faced college graduates, armed with lofty ideals, new vision, and strong drive, are undoubtedly among the best candidates.
◇第一段思路點評：
第一句總述人們蜂擁參加公務員招考，第二句點明大學生是其中的主力軍，第三句再述熱衷于公務員報考的大學生不僅有文科的，還有理工科的。
◇語言點提示：
liberal arts majors文科專業學生
◇第二段思路點評：
先總述引起大學生熱衷報考公務員的兩點因素，再詳細分述。
◇語言點提示：
（1）On the one hand…On the other起到銜接上文作用
（2）is attributable to歸因于
（3）sluggish world economy衰退的世界經濟
◇第三段思路點評：
重點談對大學生熱衷報考公務員的觀點。
◇語言點提示：
beyond reproach無可厚非
（五）Is it Necessary to Attend Training Classes?
1. 現在社會上有各種各樣的培訓班
2. 有些人認為有必要參加課外培訓班，有些人則認為沒有必要
3. 你的觀點
● 審題概述●
這是一篇主要論述人們和你對社會上各類培訓班看法的文章。第一段，概述各種各樣培
訓班的狀況。第二段，論述人們對參加課外培訓班的不同看法。第三段，重點闡述你對此的看法。
【范文】
l Is it Necessary to Attend Training Classes?
All across the country a great diversity of custom-made classes are mushrooming, in which special training is provided concerning computer skills, arts, sports, and other extracurricular specialties like maths and writing. Among them language crash courses for various tests, such as CET, BEC, TOFEL, IELTS, GRE and so forth, are especially noticeable for its wide range and high attendance rate.
Some consider it advisable to attend such classes while others believe it unnecessary. The former argues that it’s far more effective to command these special skills with the help of an experienced trainer than to work at them on their own. They are convinced that these training classes can make up for what is not taught in school, hence, more competitive edge over their peers. The latter group of people, nonetheless, criticize it as a sheer waste of resources. They warn that the quality of most training courses is questionable, as they are marketed to get money out of our pocket rather than get knowledge into our head.
As far as I am concerned, a little bit of such special training does us no harm, but too much of it can only prove to be counter-productive. Anyhow, the deprived free time can be better invested in recreation at weekends, talking to an old friend, or simply enjoying a long-overdue vacation.
◇第一段思路點評：
第一句綜述社會上提供知識、技能服務的各類培訓班雨后春筍般興起，第二句例舉語言速成課程特別火爆。
◇語言點提示：
（1）a great diversity of各種各樣的
（2）mushrooming迅速擴散、增加
（3）language crash courses語言速成課程
◇第二段思路點評：
先用一句對比式地擺出兩種不同的觀點，再分別詳述他們的看法。
◇語言點提示：
注意連接詞語while，The former，They，The latter group of people等的使用，強化了上下文之間的連貫性。
◇第三段思路點評：
辯證地論述你對參加各類培訓班的看法。
◇語言點提示：
（1）as far as I am concerned我認為，就我而言
（2）counter-productive適得其反的、事與愿違的 （六）University Students’ Pursuit of Famous Brands
1. 現在很多大學生都追求穿名牌，用名牌
2. 你對這種現象的看法
● 審題概述●
這是一篇論述對大學生追求和使用名牌看法的文章。第一段，詳述大學生熱衷追求、使用名牌的情形以及人們的看法。第二段，重點談你對此的看法。
【范文】
University Students’ Pursuit of Famous Brands
“What perfumes are you wearing?” “Aren’t your shoes Nike’s latest release?” “I like the Mickey bag you bought yesterday.” “I hear the Jack & Jones store is on sale this week. Do you wanna come along?” Don’t feel surprised if you hear them coming out of the mouth of college students. It’s quite common to hear and see college students swapping information about the brands they like and the products they use. In fact, discussions about brand names have become one of the college students’ favourite pastimes. They learn about the latest fashion from each other, exchange tips about when and where to get the item, and buy it at their earliest convenience. “Keeping up with the Joneses” is their conviction – “If the Joneses have it, how could I have not?”
About this current mindset of the college students, many people may hasten to show their disapproval. They’ll probably take it to be a reflection of the students’ vanity and superficiality. And they may lecture them on the virtue of being thrifty.
However, I beg to differ. For one thing, name-brand products are usually quality products. As such, they are something beautiful, endurable, and reliable. “The love of beauty is common to all,” goes the proverb; therefore, there’s nothing to blame about the pursuit of famous brands. For the other, college students are old enough to make their own decisions. Likewise, they must abide by the consequences if they make an ill-advised one. If they let their pursuit of brands eat into their budget for other more important issues, they should be able to correct their mistakes and keep everything in moderation. So this becomes no other than a good chance to learn management, isn’t it?
◇第一段思路點評：
本段分為兩個部分，即詳細陳述大學生追求和使用名牌的情況，以及人們對此的看法。
◇語言點提示：
（1）keeping up with the Joneses要在地位和物質上比得上周圍的人
（2）conviction堅定的信仰、看法
（3）vanity and superficiality虛榮心和面子觀（膚淺、表面、淺薄）
◇第二段思路點評：
本段應辯證地分析大學生追求、使用名牌的現象，既有對此肯定的看法，也有否定的看法，即大學生在追求和使用名牌中汲取經驗教訓并學會管理。
◇語言點提示：
（1）abide by the consequences自食其果
（2）ill-advised考慮不周的、不明智的
（3）in moderation適度、不過分
（七）Knowledge and Diploma
1. 目前社會上存在這樣一種說法：文憑越高越吃香
2. 而有些人則認為文憑不等于知識
3. 你的觀點
● 審題概述●
這是一篇論述高文憑與知識關系的文章。第一段，概述社會上文憑越高越吃香的看法。第二段，主要論述有些人文憑不等于知識的觀點。第三段，重點闡述你對此的看法。
【范文】
l Knowledge and Diploma
It is generally believed that a high diploma guarantees a promising future. Some people identify high diplomas with profound knowledge and exceptional competence. Companies also tend to emphasize the academic achievement of a job candidate. Like it or not, there does exist a social reality – the higher diplomas one gets, the more popular he becomes.
On the contrary, other people claim that a high diploma doesn’t automatically translate into knowledge. A diploma, in their eyes, is only the acknowledgment of one’s educational experience rather than a guarantee of one’s ability. Therefore, we can never measure the depth of one’s knowledge by the grade of one’s diploma. Besides, many knowledgeable people don’t have a high diploma. Take Bill Gates for example. His dropping out of college cannot deny the fact that he is one of the world’s most learned men.
So I must say no one should ever equate a diploma with knowledge, because a diploma is nothing but a proof of a short-term study while genuine knowledge needs one’s lifelong devotion.
◇第一段思路點評：
先陳述人們對高文憑高能力的看法，再點出這是一種社會現實。
◇語言點提示：
job candidate求職者、應聘者
◇第二段思路點評：
詳細論述文憑并不等于能力。
◇語言點提示：
Acknowledgment承認、致謝、感謝、答謝
◇第三段思路點評：
使用一個長句闡述了你對文憑與知識辯證關系的認識。
◇語言點提示：
（1）equate a diploma with knowledge 把文憑與知識劃等號
（2）nothing but a proof of a short-term study只是短期學習的證明 （八）
The Rise of Shanzhai Culture
1. 最近興起了一股“山寨熱”
2. 你如何看待山寨現象
● 審題概述●
本文是一篇論述山寨現象以及人們和你對此看法的文章。第一段，概述方興未艾的山寨熱。第二段，闡述山寨產品的優勢以及給人們帶來的好處。第三段，論述人們和你對山寨現象的反對立場和觀點，即山寨產品的非法性。
【范文】
l The Rise of Shanzhai Culture
The vast array of knockoff name-brand products, such as cell phones, DVDs, MP3 players, have made “shanzhai” the hottest word of the year. Now we wear shanzhai watches, talk through shanzhai cell phones, play shanzhai video games, use shanzhai computers, even watch shanzhai TV shows. Once a term used before some electronic products to suggest a copycat version of inferior quality, shanzhai now suggests to many Chinese creativity and trendiness. With the media all over the rise of shanzhai culture, public opinions are clearly divided.
Advocates invariably associate it with innovation, stylishness, the DIY spirit, open-mindedness and practicality, as shanzhai products often mix imitation with innovation – a similar skin but a different heart. The end products are usually more functional and much cheaper than the original. Besides, they respond to the market more swiftly and they are more considerate in design. Thanks to them, more people at the grassroots level can enjoy the benefit of modern technology.
However, other people, including myself, hold more reserved attitudes towards the shanzhai fever. For all the popularity it has won, a copycat is a copycat. The mockery of the prestige products not only steals their profits but also upsets market competition. Moreover, shanzhai products thrive on the current legal loopholes. Under the disguise of anti-dominance slogans, they make illegal profits by violating intellectual property rights and evading taxes. And to top it off, the so-called innovation is only senseless talk as true innovation always faces huge costs and potential failures, while plagiarism simply builds success on other people’s risks.
◇第一段思路點評：
綜述山寨熱現象。
◇語言點提示：
…public opinions are clearly divided此句起承上啟下的作用
◇第二段思路點評：
主要闡述山寨產品的優勢。
◇語言點提示：
（1）mix imitation with innovation混淆模仿與創新
（2）respond to the market對市場做出反應
◇第三段思路點評：
主要闡述對山寨產品侵權、擾亂市場等方面的看法。
◇語言點提示：
（1）The mockery of the prestige products拙劣地模仿名牌
（2）thrive on茁壯成長、蓬勃發展、繁榮
（3）legal loopholes法律漏洞（空子）
（4）Under the disguise of anti-dominance slogans在反壟斷口號的偽裝下
（5）violating intellectual property rights違反知識產權
（6）evading taxes逃稅
（7）plagiarism剽竊、抄襲
（九）
It’s Time to Stop Software Piracy
1. 盜版軟件比比皆是
2. 盜版軟件猖獗的原因
3. 如何打擊盜版軟件
● 審題概述●
這是一篇主要論述盜版軟件猖獗原因和打擊盜版軟件的措施的文章。第一段，概述中國盜版軟件泛濫的情況。第二段，重點分析盜版軟件猖獗的主要原因。第三段，側重闡述打擊盜版軟件的措施。
【范文】
l It’s Time to Stop Software Piracy
China has often been criticized for the rampant practice of software piracy. Take a look around. We operate on pirated Windows systems, defend PC security with pirated Kaspersky anti-virus programmes, process files with pirated Microsoft Office, draft 3D designs with pirated AutoCAD, refine pictures with pirated Adobe Photoshop, and study English with pirated Kingsoft’s electronic dictionaries and translators. It’s no exaggeration that pirated software is everywhere.
The logic behind the phenomenon is simple and clear: if a pirated copy is available for just a tiny fraction of the normal price, not to speak of many of the free downloads online, who would pay for an authentic copy? Cheaper prices aside, easy access is another important factor. With such a large gathering of pirated upgrades around, who would bother to spend time and money searching the stores for an authorized yet outdated version?
Despite these apparent benefits, the practice of software piracy should be banned, because it represents unfair competition and by nature it’s a no-win situation. But how? Two approaches are to be taken at the same time: Technically, software developers should enhance their antipiracy engineering, so that cracking the software should be virtually impossible. And legally, the government should also tighten its antipiracy laws and toughen up the penalties, so that violations should be costly.
◇第一段思路點評：
概述中國盜版軟件泛濫的現狀。
◇語言點提示：
the rampant practice of software piracy猖獗的盜版軟件
◇第二段思路點評：
論述盜版軟件猖獗的原因。
◇語言點提示：
（1）downloads online 在線下載
（2）authentic copy正版
◇第三段思路點評：
闡述打擊盜版軟件的具體做法，包括軟件商和政府采取的應對措施。
◇語言點提示：
tighten its antipiracy laws and toughen up the penalties加強反盜版立法和盜版懲罰 （十）
Effects of Financial Crisis on College Students
1. 金融危機給各行各業都造成了一定影響
2. 金融危機對大學生造成何種影響
3. 作為大學生，應怎樣應對這種影響
● 審題概述●
這是一篇主要論述金融危機與大學生關系的文章。第一段，概述金融危機給世界造成的影響。第二段，論述金融危機給大學生帶來的就業、經濟等影響。第三段，闡述大學生面對金融危機帶來的影響應提高專業技能等。
【范文】
l Effects of Financial Crisis on College Students
Since the financial crisis swept the world, the global economy has sunk into a severe recession. It’s hard to get through a day without hearing or reading news about the devastating effects of the crisis: A world of companies go bankrupt, millions of employees are laid off, high-return investment bubbles burst, and huge sums of loans can never be retrieved. Its impact on our daily life can be felt in all walks of life.
College students inevitably fall victim to this pervasive slump as well. On top of that, internships and job vacancies are reduced to the minimum as companies keep shrinking. New graduates find themselves hard to get a job, not to speak of a satisfactory one. What comes next? Poor students will be hard-pressed if they find student loans unavailable any more. As a result, some even cannot afford to continue their studies. Lastly, more students are probably out there anxiously looking for part-time jobs now that they have to help cover their expenses in this gloomy economy. Their innocence and eagerness might be taken advantage of by some malicious businesspeople, or even criminal gang.
In response to these threats, we students must act promptly and wisely. Since we definitely will be facing a competitive job market, it’s crucial that we submit high quality resumes. Therefore, we must commit more to our professional studies. Even do better, master more relevant job skills as a double security. Furthermore, apply for scholarships and grants, as these are still available and we don’t have to pay them back. As for the safety issues, trust our instinct – there’s no free lunch in this world. Anything that promises quick returns without much work is a sure trap. Stay alert and protect ourselves.
◇第一段思路點評：
概述金融危機給各行各業造成的影響。
◇語言點提示：
（1）severe recession嚴重衰退
（2）devastating effects毀滅性的后果
（3）go bankrupt破產
（4）high-return investment bubbles高回報投資泡沫
（5）retrieved追回、挽回
◇第二段思路點評：
主要論述金融危機給大學生帶來影響。
◇語言點提示：
（1）slump 經濟蕭條、不景氣、經濟衰退
（2）internships 實習
（3）fall victim to 被降服、屈服于
（4）malicious惡毒的、惡意的
◇第三段思路點評：
闡述大學生如何應對金融危機的影響。
◇語言點提示：
注意since, therefore, furthermore等關聯詞的使用，使句間關系更加緊密。
沖刺作文寫作綱要：七類段落
1． 記敘一件事 When and where who did what?
A few days ago, I bought an English-Chinese dictionary at Xinhua bookstore in the downtown area of Xinjiekou. When I went back to look up some new words in the dictionary, I found pages 101 to 150 were missing. So on that afternoon, I returned to the bookstore where I had purchased it and filed a complaint directly to the general manager about the problem.
一次活動的安排，旅游的行程都可以套用記敘文模式，注意時間的推進，可用明確的時間幾點幾分，也可用大致的時間如early in the morning/at noon/in the afternoon/evening/at night, 還可用First…Then…At last…如果是發生過的事，一定要用一般過去時，如果是活動安排，須用將來時。
2． 描述一個社會現象，如不誠實、盜版、校園浪費等等，要充分利用例證
Dishonesty has been prevalent in our society in recent years. For example, many students cheat to obtain high scores on various exams such as CET for Band 4 or 6. Or businesses and companies produce fake goods or products of inferior quality to reap illegal profits. What is worse, some government officials and corporate leaders are involved in criminal cases of bribery and corruption, abusing the power in their hands. The flood of dishonest phenomena has brought about a harmful effect on our society.
將例子說清楚，盡量用完整句。
3． 分析現象的成因，至少要列出兩個方面的原因：學生選擇任課老師時所考慮的因素、住房產權變化的原因、國人喜歡過西方節日的原因，可用列舉法。另外，后果或影響類的段落可用同樣的方式處理。
The popularity of Western festivals in China may be attributed to several factors. On one hand, with China’s opening up to the outside world, many people, young people in particular, have been exposed to foreign cultures, an important part of which are holidays and festivals. On the other hand, business people take advantage of the occasion of celebrating western festivals to promote sales of their products to make much more money than usual. A case in point is Christmas shopping every year.
There are several factors/reasons for …First of all(For one thing)…Secondly(For another)…Lastly(In addition)
4． 提出解決問題的方案，要注意照顧到問題所涉及的方方面面：應該怎么做？
To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.
在上面這段關于食品、飲用水安全的文章中，提到了政府、相關產業以及消費者三個方面，而謂語動詞分別用了need to do sth.//should do sth.//will have to do a better job of doing sth.可以借鑒，此外還可 It is necessary/imperative/important for sb. to do sth.// It is high time that sb. did 等句型。
5． 描述圖表/變化/趨勢，一定要將變化清楚地表達出來，考過的作文有產權變化、出國旅游人數的增加、飲食結構的變化等。
As is shown in the chart/diagram/picture, there has been a slow/slight/steady (rapid/tremendous/dramatic) increase/rise (decrease/fall/drop) in the number of tourists traveling abroad in the past decade/from 1995 to 2005. In 1995, only about 10,000 people in X city went to foreign countries. However,//But in 2005, the number had soared to more than XXX, which is X times as much as that of the year XXXX.
From the table/graph/statistics it can be seen/concluded/estimated that the consumption of dairy products and eggs has been/is on the rise. On the contrary/By contrast, the consumption of rice and flour has been/is on the fall/decline. In other words, the diet of urban residents is more balanced and nutritious than ever before.
Those who choose to study overseas account for X percent of the total of high school graduates.
另外，注意增加/減少百分之幾，英文表達是increase/decrease by X percent, 介詞by 不可或缺。
6． 觀點闡述屬于議論文寫作，通常以介詞On或情態動詞should 的題目出現，而在給出的提綱中，則通常出現“有些人認為”、“在我看來”或“你的看法”這些詞語，要求考生就某個問題發表見解，闡明觀點。考生在論證的過程中，要區分論點和論據，注意邏輯性。近兩年的作文題有一種復歸趨勢，考生要特別注意。
As the inheritor and distributor of our civilization, we college students should（觀點）be fully aware the important role played by the classics in broadening our horizon and shaping our world outlook. Therefore（因果）, we should start reading the repertoire of the classics which the greatest minds of all ages have left behind so that（目的） we can have a correct perspective on the world and understand the true meaning of life. In one word（總結）, it is imperative for us to attach great importance to the reading of the classics.
還可用條件、比較、對比、正反論述、例證、解釋等方式展開段落。
Some suggest/argue that the Spring Festival Gala on CCTV should be canceled because the viewers have had a lot of other means of relaxation which are more colorful and full of more fun. For example, they can take advantage of the holiday to go traveling to some scenic or historic resorts together with the family.
As we all know, it pays to be honest. If we are honest with others, we will win trust and respect from them. But if we deceive others for our own benefits, we will be found out sooner or later and lose our credit and trustworthiness, thereby incurring disrepute and disgrace in the long run.
7． 應用文寫作：近些年考過的題目有書信、導游詞、倡議書、招募書、競選演說等等，非常靈活，不一而足。實際上，應用文并不難寫，只要注意相對固定的格式和一些常用的套話即可。如07年6月份的四級題Welcome to our Club，第一段說明社團的活動內容，第二段列出參加社團的好處有哪些，第三段說明加入社團的方式，不難看出主體上這是一篇說明文。再如05年六級的作文題Help Needed要求簡單介紹病人的病情和家境、目前所面臨的困難，給出捐助的聯系方式，幾乎與前者如出一轍。考生只要能熟練掌握上面所列出的六種展開段落的方式，就可以決戰考場、應付如裕！ |
