《外刊經貿知識選讀》最新串講資料第四章

　　1.in a row： in succession

　　2.easing： slowing down； decrease

　　3.momentum： force of movement

　　4.underlying： being at the basis of

　　5.slackening： slowing of speed

　　6.compound： worsen

　　7.moderate inflation： ease inflation

　　8.robust： strong and healthy

　　9.setbacks： frustrations

　　10.slump： depression

　　11.edge down： move slowly down

　　12.depreciation： devaluation

　　13.spike： abrupt increase

　　14.pick-up： recovery

　　15.rein in： control

　　16.bottoming-out： reaching the lowest point before rising again （ 止跌回升）

　　17.stagnat： stop； almost

　　三、句子翻譯：

　　1.International conditions for growth in developing countries deteriorated in 1991. The Seven major industrial countries （the G-7） experienced a significant slowdown in GDP growth-from 2.8 percent in 1990 to 1.9 percent during 1991 as recession gripped Canada， the United Kingdom， and the United States and growth rates slowed in Continental Europe and Japan. In important respects. The slowdown was different from those that occurred during the 1970s and 1980s. Rather than reflecting the effect of disinflationary policies， weakness in demand was more closely related to the loss of momentum that had built up during the long period of expansion that began in 1983. In addition， a common factor underlying the slowdown in many industrial countries was the cyclical deceleration in investment spending.

　　1991年，在發展中國家增長惡化的國際情形下，七個主要工業國的國內生產總值經歷了一個急劇的下滑，從1990年的2.8%下降到1991年的1.9%，像加拿大、美國、英國陷入了蕭條，歐洲大陸和日本增長率減緩。這個減速與發生在20世紀70年代和80年代的不同。并不是反通貨膨脹政策的結果，需求的疲軟大多與發展勢頭的喪失緊密相關，這個勢頭開始于1983年，在長期擴充中已經形成。此外，在許多工業國減速的一個普遍的根本因素是投資開支的周期性。

　　2.Although the weakness in demand in the United States led to a sharp decline in short-term dollar interest rates—a positive development for many developing countries—it also contributed to a drop of over 6 percent in nominal commodity prices and to a slackening， to 3 percent， in the growth of world trade. These trends were compounded by worsening economic conditions in the soviet Union and its successor states， where a growing shortage of foreign exchange led to a compression of import from Eastern Europe and an acceleration of certain commodity exports to earn hard currencies.

　　盡管美國疲軟的需求導致了短期美元利率急劇地下跌，但對于發展中國家的發展是積極的，它也導致了名義產品價格約6％的下跌，世界貿易增長下跌了3％。蘇聯和它的后繼國經濟情形的惡化加劇了這一趨勢，外匯短缺的增長導致了從東歐進口的壓縮，加速了某些產品的出口，獲得了硬通貨。