考點二 不定式作定語
不定式常接在名詞之后作定語，如：
something to read, nothing to do, anything to declare,
a lot to complain of, the right person to talk to, etc.
由上述例子不難看出不定式和被修飾詞間有動賓關系，因此不及物動詞之后必須加上相搭配的介詞（例如上面的complain + of, talk +to）
不定式定語還可表示將來的含義，如：in the years to follow, the meeting to be held in June
針對TOEFL解題需注意下列情況：
1. 由序數詞修飾的名詞之后多用不定式作定語，
如：the first one to arrive, the last to mention, the only thing to talk about
例句：Not only was the Mariner spacecraft the first to fly beyond Mars, but it also survived in space well past its expected lifetime of twenty-one months.
2. 改錯題常出現名詞之后直接接動詞，且二者間不是主謂關系而是動賓關系，此處必定有錯，應在動詞前加to，變為不定式作定語
如：Do you have anything declare (錯)
Do you have anything to declare (對) （你有什么東西需要申報的嗎？)
3. 少量題中出現了類似定語從句的不定式作定語，其基本形式為：介詞+關系代詞+不定式，如：Here is a blue pen, with which to fill out the form.
例題
(1)
An innovator, ballerina Augusta Maywood was ---- a traveling company.
(A) to form the first
(B) the first to form
(C) who formed the first
(D) forming the first
答案：B
解釋：空格前是句子的主謂語, 空格處需要was的表語, first不能和a連用, 故A、C、D肯定不對; B中the first作表語, 省略了后面的person, 不定式to form…作定語, the first to do是常見用法, 表示第一個做某事的人
考點三 不定式作狀語
不定式作狀語是相當普遍的語法現象，通常表示目的、結果或原因
如：I got an early morning to catch the first train to London. (表目的)
She raised the lid only to find an empty bottle. (表結果)
He trembled to think of his shameful failure. (表原因)
TOEFL種主要涉及第一種用法
例題：
(1)
Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber
to forming their nests.
應改為：to form
解釋：to是不定式的標志詞，應接動詞原形作目的狀語
(2)
The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing.
應改為：race
解釋：此句中的to不是介詞, 而是不定式的標志詞, 之后應接動詞原形作目的狀語
