成人英語三級考試重點四
來源:網絡發(fā)布時間:2009-08-26
注意:
有些動詞后使用動名詞和動詞不定式作賓語的差別
①forget to do 忘記要去做某事(此事未做)
forget doing忘記做過某事(此事已做過或已發(fā)生)
②remember to do 記住去做某事(未做)
remember doing記得做過某事(已做)
③regret to do對要做的事遺憾
regret doing對做過的事遺憾、后悔
④try to do努力、企圖做某事
try doing試驗、試一試某種辦法
⑤mean to do打算,有意要…
mean doing意味著
⑥go on to do 繼而(去做另外一件事情)
go on doing 繼續(xù)(原先沒有做完的事情)
⑦propose to do 打算(要做某事)
propose doing建議(做某事)
⑧stop to do 停下來去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在或經常做的事
⑨be used to doing sth.習慣于…
used to do過去曾經…
2.動名詞的邏輯主語
一般情況下,動名詞的邏輯主語是謂語動詞的主語;如果動名詞動作的發(fā)出者不是謂語動詞的主語時,則需要有自己的邏輯主語。用作動名詞邏輯主語的詞類有:物主代詞和名詞所有格。試比較:
Tom insisted on going with them.(He went with them)
湯姆堅持要和他們一起去。(他去了)
Tom insisted on my going with them.(I went with them)
湯姆堅持要我和他們一起去。
His taking part in the work will help us a lot.
他參加這項工作對我們有很大幫助。(物主代詞)
但是,如果動名詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語相同,則不應再有主語:
She regrets_____idle when young.
A.To have been
B.her being
C.her having been
D.having been
答案:D
注:
動名詞作賓語時,常可以用人稱代詞賓格或名詞的普通格,如:
He doesn't like my father and me interfering in her affairs.
她不愿意我父親和我干涉她的事情。(名詞普通格或人稱代詞賓格)
3.動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)
1)完成式:
如果表示動名詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,要用動名詞的完成時,形式為: having done.例如:
He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.
His having been elected chairman of the club surprised us.
2)被動式
當動名詞的邏輯主語是該動作的承受者時,該動名詞要用被動式。形式為:being done.例如:
He did it without being asked.
We insisted on being given the task.
考試重點:
動名詞在固定結構中的使用
1.have difficulty /trouble/problem/a hard time/a good time + (in)+doing
例如:
We had difficulty (in)carrying out the plan.
這一結構變化一下后,形成"There is +difficulty/trouble + pleasure+(in)doing".
例如:
Will there be any difficulty (in)getting a driving license?
There was some trouble (in)reading her handwriting.
2.feel like + 名詞/動名詞 "想要" (=would like to +原形動詞)
例如:
I feel like a newborn baby.
Do you feel like going to a movie?
3.spend/waste time doing sth.
例如:
They spent a lot time (in)making preparations.
4.cannot help doing sth.忍不住(做什么)
例如:
I cannot help laughing, once I see john in that big trouser.
注意:
這一句型要和can not help but do(不得不)以及can not but do(不得不)區(qū)分開來。
5.something need/want/deserve +動名詞表被動意義;+不定式被動態(tài)表示"要(修、清理等)"意思。
例如:
Your bike needs repairing.
(= Your bike needs to be repaired)
6.be busy doing sth.忙于干某事
例如:
I am busy doing my homework.
7.be worth doing sth.值得…
例如:
The plan is worth considering.
8.What about/how about doing …怎么樣?
例如:
What about having a game of table tennis?
How about going on a picnic?
動名詞練習
翻譯下列句子:
強迫孩子學習是沒有好處的。(考查動名詞做主語的固定句型)
明天去看電影怎么樣?(考查關于動名詞的固定句型)
那個小鎮(zhèn)值得參觀。(考查關于動名詞的固定句型)
沒有必要查閱每個生詞。(考查關于動名詞的固定句型)
請醫(yī)生沒用,已經太晚了。(考查動名詞做主語的固定句型)
參考答案:
It's no good forcing children to learn.
How about seeing a movie tomorrow?
The little town is worth visiting.
There is no need/point in looking up every new word.
It is no use sending for the doctor, for it is too late.
業(yè)內名師團隊,班主任一對一服務,全面覆蓋考點,一次考試,保上名校。 !
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