09年成考高起點英語語法歸納與練習五

　　5.有些名詞形式上是復數，意義上是單數，根據意義一致原則動詞用單數

　　The chaos was stopped by the police

　　The news is a great encouragement to us

　　A series of debates between the lectures was scheduled for the next weekend.

　　6.用and 連接的成份表示一個單一概念時候，動詞謂語用單數形式

　　Bread and butter is our daily food

　　Time and tide waits for no man

　　二。 謂語用復數情況

　　1. 由and， both …and， 連接的并列主語，和both ，a few， many ，several 等修飾語后面謂語動詞通常用復數形式。

　　Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.

　　2.集體名詞police， public， militia， cattle ，class ，youth后常用復數形式的動詞

　　The Chinese people are brave and hardworking

　　The cattle are grazing in the sunshine

　　3.當表示民族的詞與冠詞合用當主語，謂語動詞用復數形式

　　The Japanese were once very aggressive

　　4.某些形容詞前面加定冠詞表示一類人，做主語時候，謂語動詞用復數

　　The rich are not always selfish

　　5.不可數名詞作主語，其前有表示數量的復數名詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復數

　　Three million tons of coal were exported that year

　　三。謂語動詞可用單數，也可以用復數的情況

　　1. 就近一致原則

　　這種情況下，謂語動詞使用單數還是復數取決于最靠近該動詞的主語的單復數，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能：

　　1) 由連詞 either…or…; neither…nor…; whether… or…;not only…but (also) ;or 等連接的并列主語

　　Neither money nor fame has influence on me

　　Not only you but also he is wrong

　　2) 在倒裝結構中，謂語動詞與后面的第一個主語一致

　　Blocking the open-sided porch， framed by the enveloping fog， stands a tall grave-faced policeman.

　　Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.

　　Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair， there has been improvement in the facili

　　2. 主語帶有(together/along)with， such as， accompanied by， as well as， no less than， except， besides， with， combined with， in addition to ， including， together with 等等附加成分，謂語的數不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語保持一致

　　Professor Taylor ， with six of his students ，is attending a conference in Boston organized to compare current practice in the United States with those of other nations.

　　The president of the college， together with the deans， is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations. (1981年考研題)

　　3.關系代詞做主語的定語從句中，謂語的數要與先行詞一致。如：

　　Despite much research， there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.

　　(1996年考研題)

　　There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for， but which do not bring a return in money to the community.