成考高起點英語語法歸納與練習:代詞及其指代一致
來源:育路教育網發布時間:2013-01-04
二。代詞指代一致問題
代詞指代一致是指指代的名詞在性、數、格上是否一致,或者所照應的名詞詞組在某些方面保持一致。
Each cigarette a person smokes does some harm, and eventually he may get a serious disease form its effect.
這里he指代前面的person.
It was during the 1920's that the friendship between the two American writers Hemingway and Fitzgerald reached its highest point.
這里its指代前面的兩人的friendship.
Our department was monitored by two supervisors, Bill and me.
這里me必須用賓格形式。
代詞指代一致必須注意以下幾個原則和規律:
1.鄰近和靠近原則
由either … or, neither…nor, not only…but (also)連接先行詞時候,如果兩個先行詞在數和性上保持一致,就用其相應的一直的人稱代詞;如果兩個先行詞在數或性上不一致,人稱代詞一般與鄰近的先行詞在數和性上保持一致。
Neither Mary nor Alice has her key with her.
Neither the package nor the letters have reached their destination
If either David or Janet comes , he or she will want a drink
2.當each, everyone, everybody, no one ,none ,anybody, someone, somebody用作主語或主語的限定詞時候,或者anything, nothing, something everything等不定代詞作主語時候,其相應的代詞一般按照語法一致原則,采取單數形式。如:
Everybody talked at the top of his voice.
None of the boys can do it , can he?
Everything is ready, isn't it“
3.當主語為復數形式,后跟each作同位語時,如果each位于動詞之前,其后的代詞或相應的限定詞用復數形式;如果 each位于動詞之后,其后的代詞或相應的限定詞用單數形式。如:
They each have two coats
we are each responsible for his own family
4.由and連接兩個先行詞,代詞用復數
如:the tourist and businessmen lost their luggage in the accident
業內名師團隊,班主任一對一服務,全面覆蓋考點,一次考試,保上名校。 !
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