2011成考高起點(diǎn)英語語法歸納與練習(xí)17
來源：育路成人高考發(fā)布時(shí)間：2011-10-09
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幫助希望進(jìn)入名校的在職人員實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的本、�？拼髮W(xué)夢(mèng)想
三、 不定式作表語
1. 一種情況為主語是不定式（表示條件），表語也是不定式（表示結(jié)果）
To see is to believe/ To work means to earn a living.
2. 另一種情況主語是以aim， duty， hope， idea， happiness， job， plan， problem， purpose， thing， wish等為中心的名詞，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式表語對(duì)主語起補(bǔ)充說明作用
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future. / The boss's plan is to start building the skycraper immediately. / What I want to say is to get rid of the plan forever.
11） The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was providing [A] large uninterrupted floor areas [B] and to allow ample light [C] into the interior [D] .
12） The most important [A] thing is negociate [B] with them about [C] the future of [D] the plant.
四、 不定式作定語
1. 不定式作定語修飾名詞或代詞，它只能放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。這時(shí)被修飾的名詞與不定式之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系
13） The flexibility of film allows the artist unstrained imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.
[A] to bring[B] bringing[C] is brought[D] brings
14） Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazzblues singer rests on her ability emotional depth to her songs.
[A] be giving[B] are given[C] being given[D] to give 另外，有些詞的不定式定語有主謂關(guān)系，如除了上述例句以外，還有些詞常跟不定式作定語。這些詞主要有decision （to make）， （a） need （to eat）， opportunity （to speak），reason（to learn a foreing language）， time （to sth）等。
2. 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語往往有一層動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即所修飾的名詞是不定式的賓語
15） Alice was having [A] trouble to control [B] the children because there were [C] so many [D] of them.
16） There are so many reference books for matriculation of postgraduate and I haven't decided which book .
[A] to buy[B] buy[C]to be buying[D] buying
17） Astronauts can be affected by loneliness for they have to sit in the spacecraft for weeks with very little and no one .
[A] to do … to talk[B] doing … to talk to
[C] to do … to talk to[D] doing… to talk
3. 因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ剿揎椀拿~是不定式的賓語，所以如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，那么就要在動(dòng)詞后加上相應(yīng)的介詞
He has a lot of trifles to deal with./ I had got no place to live in./That girl has nothing to worry about./the subject to concentrate on. / He has a strict teacher to listen to. / She has four children to look after. / She had a sick mother to live with. / This is the very person to sell your ticket to.
18） Although the lecture had already been on for five minutes， I still was not able to find a chair .
[A] to sit[B] for to sit on[C] to sit on[D] for sitting
4. 一些表示企圖、努力、傾向、目的、愿望、打算、能力、意向等意義的名詞后面要求接不定式作其定語，如：ability， attempt， effort等
19） During [A] the 19th century scientists found [B] that when certain parts of the brain were damaged [C] men lost the ability doing [D] certain things.
20） What is new， however， is the scientific attempt whether other planets beyond our own have given birth to advanced civilizations.
[A] discover[B] discovers[C] discovering[D] to discover
21） Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort her？
[A] please [B] pleased [C] to please [D] having pleased
五、不定式作狀語
注意作狀語的動(dòng)詞不定式要與其邏輯主語在意義上和數(shù)上的一致。
1. 表示目的
22） its plans to promote disarmaments，the party has decided to establish a campaign headquarters with Benjamin Seaman as its leader.
[A]Although[B]To carry out[C]Except that[D] Make
23） pure lead，the lead ore is mined，then smelted，and finally refined.
[A] Obtaining[B] Being obtained[C] To obtain[D] It is obtained
24） When they met，Leonardo and his enemy were fighting .
[A]killed each other[B]killing each other[C]to be killed each other
[D]to kill each other
2. 表示結(jié)果，在這種情況下，不定式的邏輯主語也是全句的主語
He must be cripple not to walk by himself./It seems that the employee didn't sleep at all to be so sleepy in the early morning. / What have I done for you to deserve such an amount of money？
還有固定搭配的不定式表示結(jié)果：so…as to； such（…） as to …； enough to…； too…to…； in order to … 等
We have got so plenty of food as to treat our guests./ Is that room big enough to seat all of us？/ He is too young to fit that job.
3. 表示原因
It's very kind of you to say so. / I am pretty pleased to hear the news that you are elected as the president of the club. / I'm sorry to interrupt you. / They are quite surprised to see the great changes taking place in the area.
4. 伴隨狀況
在下列表示能力、愿望、傾向等語義的形容詞后邊也要接不定式：able（但其同義詞“ capable”后面要接“of+動(dòng)名詞”），anxious， eager， glad， inclined（傾向于），liable， likely， pleased， ready等。
25） Certain [A] minerals are magnetic and are able to detected [B] by instruments that measure [C] differences in the Earth's magnetic fields [D] .
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