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2010年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試重點(diǎn)講義一

來(lái)源：網(wǎng)絡(luò) 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2010-09-08

　　「考試策略」

　　1)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)選擇時(shí)態(tài)，特別是完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般表示"到……為止"，以"by"短語(yǔ)居多。如果句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是由by引出的短語(yǔ)或從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用完成時(shí)態(tài)，如：

　　By the time we got there, the fire had already been put out.

　　We'll have completed the task by the time you come back.

　　2)如果沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，那就根據(jù)試題中出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的順序做出判斷。如：

　　He found the book that he had lost.

　　A　B

　　3)注意特殊句型中的時(shí)態(tài)，如：

　�、賖ardly/scarcely …when… 和no sooner… than…

　　Hardly had I put down the receiver when the telephone rang again.

　　我剛放下話筒，電話又響了。

　　No sooner had they got to know the news than they went to the bar to enjoy a drink.

　　他們一得到消息，他們就去酒吧喝酒了。

　�、谄硎咕浔硎疽环N條件，第二個(gè)分句中一般要用will表示在這種條件下可能發(fā)生的事情。如：

　　Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____ advertisements showing happy families.

　　A.are often seeing

　　B.often see

　　C.will often see

　　D.have often seen

　　答案：C

　　但是，本題中often的使用可能會(huì)造成一定的迷惑。這就要求考生對(duì)各種時(shí)態(tài)的表達(dá)方式，以及其作用了解清楚。will可以表示習(xí)慣。

　　(二)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　現(xiàn)在我們一起來(lái)看一下三級(jí)考試中對(duì)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查。語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查一般都與時(shí)態(tài)的考查、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查相結(jié)合，在考試中應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮這些因素。請(qǐng)做下面的試題：

　　考例：

　　1)The course would have been offered this term, but it

　　A

　　cancelled because too few students had registered before

　　B　C

　　registration closed.(2000.6)

　　D

　　2)The development of industry has also brought about large

　　A B

　　numbers of problems which have to solve.(2002.6)

　　C　D

　　3)These part-time students expect to offer some jobs on

　　A B

　　campus during the coming summer vacation.(2004.4)

　　C　D

　　4)We shall ask for samples and then we can make our decision.(2003.11)

　　A.to be sent

　　B.being sent

　　C.to have been sent

　　D.to sent

　　5)The question at the meeting tomorrow is very important.(2004.11)

　　A.to discuss

　　B.being discussed

　　C.to be discussed

　　D.will be discussed

　　6)I can't find the recorder in the room.It by somebody.(2003.11)

　　A.must have taken

　　B.may have taken

　　C.may have been taken

　　D.should have been taken

　　7)Being felt that she had done something wonderful, she sat down to rest.(2005.4)

　　A B C D

　　8)The dish terrible! I don't like it at all.

　　A.can't

　　B.tasted

　　C.will taste

　　D.is tasted

　　9)The goods ______ when we arrived at the airport.

　　A.were just unloading

　　B.were just been unloading

　　C.had just unloaded

　　D.were just being unloaded

　　「答案」BDAAC CABD

　　「評(píng)析」

　　1.是否可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主要看謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系，如果是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系自然用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。這樣單純考察被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的試題只會(huì)出現(xiàn)在辨別改錯(cuò)中，如：1)、2)和3)。

　　1)The course would have been offered this term, but it

　　A

　　cancelled because too few students had registered before

　　B　C

　　registration closed.(2000.6)

　　D

　　答案：B

　　2)The development of industry has also brought about large

　　A B

　　numbers of problems which have to solve.(2002.6)

　　C　D

　　答案：D

　　3)These part-time students expect to offer some jobs on

　　A B

　　campus during the coming summer vacation.(2004.4)

　　C　D

　　答案：A

　　2.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)合，如：9)。

　　9)The goods __________ when we arrived at the airport.

　　A.were just unloading

　　B.were just been unloading

　　C.had just unloaded

　　D.were just being unloaded

　　答案：D

　　3.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合，如：6)。

　　6)I can't find the recorder in the room.It by somebody.(2003.11)

　　A.must have taken

　　B.may have taken

　　C.may have been taken

　　D.should have been taken

　　答案：C

　　4.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合，如：4)、5)和7)。

　　4)We shall ask for samples and then we can make our decision.(2003.11)

　　A.to be sent

　　B.being sent

　　C.to have been sent

　　D.to sent

　　答案：A

　　5)The question at the meeting tomorrow is very important.(2004.11)

　　A.to discuss

　　B.being discussed

　　C.to be discussed

　　D.will be discussed

　　答案：C

　　5.轉(zhuǎn)化為系動(dòng)詞的感官動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中用動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這樣的動(dòng)詞有feel, smell, sound, taste等，如8)。再如：

　　Good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。

　　This material feels very soft.這種材料摸起來(lái)很柔軟。

　　再者：

　　不及物動(dòng)詞不可能有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但及物動(dòng)詞也未必有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主要是看句子側(cè)重表達(dá)的概念，如：

　　This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ____ comfortably.

　　A.is worn

　　B.wears

　　C.wearing

　　D.are worn

　　答案：B

　　題中wear表示眼鏡的特點(diǎn)，不可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。這樣的動(dòng)詞有cut, read, sell, wash, wear, write等。例如：

　　This kind of software sells well.這種軟件賣得很好。

　　The knife cuts well.這把刀很好切。

　　Nylon underwear washes well.尼龍內(nèi)衣很容易洗。

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