何凱文每日一句：2018考研英語第112句

　　每一場考研路都有成敗，希望考生們能不忘初心，堅持當初決定考研的信仰。何凱文每日一句會全程陪伴考生，走完2018考研路。對于考研英語的復習，必然是長期積累夯實基礎的過程，針對考研英語復習，小編也會及時整理推送相關內容。以下是第112句：

　　今天的句子：

　　They found activating these neurons immediately caused binge eating, making the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes, and increasing their preference for high-fat foods. Weak stimulation, delivered for 10 minutes and repeated four times at 30-minute intervals, worsened overeating and the desire for fatty foods, causing the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight.

　　句子的解析：

　　詞匯突破：

　　1.Activate 激活

　　2.Neuron 神經元

　　3.Immediately 立即

　　4.Binge eating 暴食

　　5.Preference 偏好

　　6.Stimulation 刺激

　　7.Worsen 惡化

　　8.Overeating 過量飲食

　　第一句：

　　They found activating these neurons immediately caused binge eating, making the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes, and increasing their preference for high-fat foods.

　　確定主干：

　　They found (that)

　　他們發現

　　切分成分+獨立成句：

　　1.(Activating these neurons動名詞做從句主語) immediately caused binge eating

　　激活這些神經元會立即導致暴食行為

　　2. making the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes

　　=Activating these neurons makes the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes

　　(令老鼠在短短10分鐘內吃掉超過日常食物配給的三分之一)

　　3. increasing their preference for high-fat foods.

　　= Activating these neurons increases their preference for high-fat foods.

　　(并提升了它們對高脂食物的偏好)

　　參考譯文：他們發現激活這些神經元會立即導致暴食行為，令老鼠在短短10分鐘內吃掉超過日食物配給的三分之一，并提升了它們對高脂食物的偏好。

　　第二句：

　　Weak stimulation, delivered for 10 minutes and repeated four times at 30-minute intervals, worsened overeating and the desire for fatty foods, causing the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight.

　　確定主干：

　　Weak stimulation worsened overeating and the desire for fatty foods

　　切分成分+獨立成句:

　　1.causing the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight.

　　=Weak stimulation causes the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight

　　2. delivered for 10 minutes and repeated four times at 30-minute intervals定語

　　每隔30分鐘釋放長達10分鐘的并重復四次的

　　參考譯文：而每隔30分鐘釋放長達10分鐘的弱刺激并重復4次會令過量飲食和對對高脂食物的欲望更糟，讓老鼠吃掉幾乎日常食物配給的四分之三，并增加體重。

　　背景介紹：

　　深部腦刺激治療通過在病人的大腦的特定區域放置電極(electrodes)，并傳輸高頻電脈沖來干預目標腦組織的神經元活動。迄今為止，全球有約10萬名帕金森病人接受過這種治療，他們諸如震顫和僵硬等癥狀因之得到有效控制。耶魯醫學院的神經外科醫生們受到啟發，嘗試通過刺激實驗小白鼠的不同大腦區域，以求確定與過度飲食相關的神經元通路。他們在丘腦底核(subthalamic nucleus)的未定帶(zona incerta)細胞組織中注入經過遺傳處理的病毒(genetically engineered virus)，該病毒會將一個基因傳輸(carried a gene into)給這些細胞，令細胞表達一系列光敏通道蛋白(channelrhodopsin)。這些細胞會因此對光照敏感(sensitive to light)，使研究者得以利用光導纖維傳送激光脈沖，達到高精度激活(activate with great precision)的效果。

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