高一英語:第一學期必備知識點語法2
2)瞬間動詞用于完成時態(tài)時不能跟表示一段時間的狀語。 例如， 我們要表達“他的父親去世 好幾年了。 ”不能說： grandfather has
died for several years.而應該說： father grandfather His His has bee dead for several
years.或者：His grandfather died several years ago.或者：It is/ has been several years
since his grandfather died. 再如，我們不能用 He has joined the army for three
years.來表達“他參軍三年了。”而應說： He has been in the army for three years.或者：He has been a
soldier for three years.或者：He joined the army three years ago.也可以說 It is/ has
been three years since he joined the army. 二、現(xiàn)在完成進行時 1.動詞形式 現(xiàn)在完成進行時由 have (has)
+ been + 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。
2.現(xiàn)在完成進行時的基本用法：
1)表示動作從過去某時開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，沒有中斷。 Grace has been waiting for me for half an hour.
(格雷絲已經(jīng)等我半小時了。) (動作尚在繼續(xù)) The satellite has been sending back signals as well as
photographs ever since. (自那時起衛(wèi)星一 直不斷地向地球發(fā)回信號和照片。) (動作尚在繼續(xù)) Aaron has been
teaching English ever since graduation. (畢業(yè)以后，艾倫一直在教英語。) (還 在教)
2)表示動作從過去到現(xiàn)在一直不斷重復、斷斷續(xù)續(xù)。 I have been saying good-bye to my colleagues these
days. (這些天我一直在向我的同事們告 別。) My parents have been telling me to work hard since I
went to school. (自從我上學之后， 我的父 母親不停地告誡我要好好學習。)
注：狀態(tài)動詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時。若要表示動作的延續(xù)性，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時。
3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：
1)現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，而現(xiàn)在完成時則強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。 I have thought it over.
(我已經(jīng)仔細考慮過這件事了。) I have been thinking it over. (我一直在反復考慮這件事。)
2)現(xiàn)在完成進行時比現(xiàn)在完成時更具感情色彩。 I have been waiting for you for two hours.
(我已經(jīng)等你兩小時了。) (有責備的口氣) I have waited for you two hours. (我已經(jīng)等你兩個小時了。) (說明一個客觀事實)
三、過去完成時
1.動詞形式 過去完成時由 had + 過去分詞構(gòu)成
2.過去完成時的用法
1)表示在過去某個時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生、完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 I had worked as a worker for five years
before I became a teacher. (在我成為教師之前， 我已經(jīng) 當了五年的工人。) By the end of last year, I
had already learnt 5,000 English words. (到去年年底，我已學會了 5,000 個英文單詞。)
2)動詞的過去完成時可以用于表示一個本來打算做而沒有做的事，常用的動詞有：intend, hope, want, mean, suppose,
expect, think 等。 I had intended to meet you at the airport, but someone came to
see me just when I was about to leave. (我本來要到機場去接你的，可在我出門時有人來看我。)
I had wanted to lend you some money, but you didn't ask. (我本打算借你一些錢的，但你沒開
(責任編輯：康彥林)
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