2011考研英語模擬題(4)

　　13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while

　　14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix

　　15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered

　　16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort

　　17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such

　　18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which

　　19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for

　　20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of

　　答案

　　1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9.B 10. D

　　11. D 12.D 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. C 19.B 20.C

　　總體分析

　　本文講述了英國車速監控攝像體系擴張計劃的內容及影響，著重闡述了這一計劃的支持者（警察和財政部門）和反對者（機動車管理機構）的觀點。

　　全文翻譯

　　一旦擴大車速監控攝像體系，這個國家財政部每年就能從罰款中額外增加2000萬收入。機動車管理機構警告說這種罰款可能變成對汽車征收的人頭稅，從而疏遠很多駕駛者。也可能出現更多破壞攝像機的事件。警告出現的同時，《每日郵報》的調查發現英格蘭和威爾士的23支警力幾乎都有所行動，不是致力于部署監控體系的擴張計劃，就是在考慮加入其中。

　　預計（在實施監控系統后）全國范圍內違章超速行駛的罰單數量會增加兩倍，罰金數目一年達9000萬。按照計劃，警察保留一部分罰金用以支付安裝和維修新攝像機的費用，并且保證現有的攝像機中總是裝有膠卷。其余的罰金將上繳財政部。財政部長們和警察都堅持認為該計劃的目的是提高公路的安全性。他們指出八個試點地區撞車事故減少了四分之一，嚴重傷亡事故減少至一半。

　　但是機動車管理機構擔心警察為了多開罰單會把攝像機裝在相對安全但行車速度較快的直行道上，還會為車速監控攝像機設置最低合法車速標準，如把正常的每小時10英里限速提高到每小時15英里，每小時20英里限速提高到每小時26英里。這樣做會使司機盯著自己的里程計而不把精力集中到路面上，從而引發更多的交通事故。英國皇家汽車俱樂部（RAC）活動負責人休。尼科爾森說，“嚴格上說，我們對車速監控攝像機并無意見，我們擔憂的是它們被安放的地點。如果把監控攝像機視為（政府）聚斂財政收入的手段而不是安全設施，那么警察就可能喪失他們在駕駛者心目中的威信”。

　　三、大眾媒體

　　The mass media is a big part of our culture，yet it can also be a helper，adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a（an）__1__for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way，it__2__ a variety of functions in human life.

　　The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the__3__ of leisure：there is less time for games，amusement and rest.__4__ by what is happening on the screen，children not only imitate what they see but directly__5__ themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the__6__ of violence in the media and its__7__harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period，new media __8__，such as video games，cable television，music videos，and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity，these media，__9__television，__10__public concern and research attention.

　　Another large societal concern on our young generation__11__by the media，is body image.__12__forces can influence body image positively or negatively.__13__one，societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing__14__our concepts of beauty. In the mass media，the images of__15__beauty fill magazines and newspapers，__16__from our televisions and entertain us__17__the movies. Even in advertising，the mass media__18__on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a__19__defined standard of attractiveness，a（n）__20__that carries unrealistic physical expectations.

　　1. [A] alternative [B] preference [C] substitute [D] representative

　　2. [A] accomplishes[B] fulfills [C] provides [D] suffices

　　3. [A] risk [B] mercy [C] height [D] expense

　　4. [A] Absorbed [B] Attracted [C] Aroused [D] Addicted

　　5. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] unify [D] equate