2012同等學力申碩英語每日一練 12月5日

　　Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

　　Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 reins has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage — a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will no be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren.

　　Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.

　　1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ____.

　　A) it protects him against the harmful rays from space

　　B) it provides sufficient light for plant growth

　　C) it supplies the heat necessary for human survival

　　D) it screens off the falling meteors

　　2. We know from the passage that ____.

　　A) exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal

　　B) the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming

　　C) radiation is avoidable in space exploration

　　D) astronauts in spacesuits needn’t worry about radiation damage

　　3. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members ____

　　A) is significant B) seems overestimated C) is enormous D) remains unknown

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.

　　A) the Apollo mission was very successful

　　B) protection from space radiation is no easy job

　　C) astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren

　　D) radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers

　　5. The best title for this passage would be ____.

　　A) The Atmosphere and Our Environment B) Research on Radiation

　　C) Effects of Space Radiation D) Importance of Protection Against Radiation

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　　答案與解析:

　　1. A 問題問的是為什么大氣層對人類是至關重要的。文章的第四句說到了大氣層屏蔽了大量的外來射線。故答案為A。

　　2. B A，C，D選項內容在文章中均沒有明確肯定，只有B對應了原文的第二段的第四句話---問題在于很難發現輻射對人的損傷，當事人當時可能感覺良好，但是他的遺傳細胞可能受到損傷，將會影響到他的孩子，甚至后代。故答案為B。

　　3. D 從文章中我們得知，到現在為止還沒有報告顯示阿波羅號受到輻射損害，所以A，B，C選項均與文章意思相悖，只有D相對正確。故答案為D。

　　4.D 該題對應了原文的最后一段。文章說雖然到現在為止還沒有報告顯示阿波羅號受到輻射損害，但畢竟它登月的時間短。人類能否長時間接受輻射照射還是個未知數。防輻射的藥雖然已經研制出來，但只能削減輻射對人類的損害，還談不上根治。所以說防太空輻射不是容易的事情。故答案為D。

　　5. D 此文主要是談輻射的危害大以及防輻射的一些措施。D最準確。故答案為D。

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