2011年公共管理碩士MPA英語閱讀練習（4）

來源：育路教育網時間：2011-03-07 15:25:30

Students who want to enter the University of Montreal‘s Athletic Complex need more than just a conventional ID card——their identities must be proved genuine by an electronic hand scanner. In some California housing estates， a key alone is insufficient to get someone in the door；his or her voiceprint must also be verified（確認）。 And soon customers at some Japanese banks will have to present their faces for scanning before they can enter the building and withdraw their moneys.

All of these are applications of biometrics， a fast-growing technology that involves the use of physical or biological characteristic to identify individuals. In use for more than a decade at some high security government institutions in the United States and Canada， biometrics is rapidly popping up in the everyday world.

Biometric security systems operate by storing a digitized record of some unique human feature. When a user wishes to enter or use the facility， the system scans the person‘s corresponding characteristics and attempts to match them against those on record. Systems using fingerprints， hands， voices， eyes， and faces are already on the market. Others using typing patterns and even body smells are in various stages of development.

Fingerprints scanners are currently the most widely used type of biometric application， thanks to their growing use over the last 20 years by law-enforcement agencies. Sixteen American states now use biometric fingerprint verification systems to check that people claiming welfare payments are genuine. Politicians in Toronto have voted to do the same， with a testing project beginning next year.

Not surprisingly， biometrics raises difficult questions about privacy and the potential for abuse. Some worry that governments and industry will be tempted to use the technology to monitor individual behavior. “If someone used your fingerprints to match your health-insurance records with credit-card record showing that you regularly bought lots of cigarettes and fatty foods，” says one policy analyst， “you would see your insurance payments go through the roof.” In Toronto， critics of the welfare fingerprint plan complained that it would force people to submit to a procedure widely identified with criminals.

Nevertheless， support for biometrics is growing in Toronto as it is in many other communities. In an increasingly crowded and complicated world， biometrics may well be a technology whose time has come.

1.According to the author， biometric technology is ______

A.in the stage of theoretical study

B.widely used in the world

C.about to be out of date

D.developing rapidly

2.What is one of the advantages of biometric technology？

A.It better protects people‘s privacy.

B.It helps people follow a healthy life style.

C.It is cheaper than traditional methods.

D.It identifies people more accurately.

3.The author used the health insurance case mainly to ______

A.illustrate the use of the technology

B.give suggestions on buying insurance

C.draw attention to the problem of the technology

D.emphasize the importance of healthy diet

4.In which of the following situations is biometric technology NOT used？

A.Computers are switched on by a voice order.

B.Doctors diagnose disease through patients‘ voice.

C.Museum doors are controlled by palm scanner.

D.The police identify criminals through fingerprints.

5.Which word would you use to describe the author‘s tone in this passage？

A.Supportive B.Objective

C.Critical D.Indifferent

答案及解析：

1. D.細節題。答案在第二段All of these are applications of biometrics， a fast-growing technology that…。B項不對，第三段中提到指紋掃描是目前應用最廣泛的一種生物技術，與B項內容不符。A項是出于理論研究階段，C項是即將過時，都不對。

2. D.細解題。通過對第二段的分析可知，生物技術的一個優點就是它的準確性。

3. C.例證題。本文通過醫療保險這一例子說明了生物技術存在的問題。

4. B.細節題。答案在第三段Systems using fingerprints， hands， voices， eyes， and faces are already on the market.A、C、D能夠很容易被排除，B項醫生通過病人的聲音來診斷疾病，和文中提到的voices并不是一回事。

5. A.最后一段提到盡管生物技術應用還存在一些問題，但支持它的人越來越多，在這個越來越擁擠，越來越復雜的世界里，生物技術的時代到來了。可見作者對此的態度是支持的。