在職碩士英語復習-附加疑問句、句子結構的對等

（一）陳述句的助動詞為dare, need, had better, would rather時，疑問句部分應重復這些助動詞。
She dare not call you a fool, dare she?
You’d better lie down, hadn’t you?

（二）陳述句的助動詞為ought to 時，疑問句部分應是should/shouldn’t, 也可用ought/oughtn’t to.
She ought to go by plane, shouldn’t she?
He ought to be punished, oughtn’t he?

（三）陳述句的動詞為wish時，疑問句部分用may,而且用肯定式。
I wish to go home now, may I?

（四）陳述部分若為一個主從復合句，疑問部分通常與主句謂語形式一致。
I told you not everybody could do it, didn’t I?
You don’t mind if I go now, do you?
注意：但是如果主句部分為I’d say, I’ll bet或fancy, imagine, think, figure,, suppose, feel, believe等行為動詞時，疑問部分則要與從句謂語形式一致。
I suppose you know the meaning of the sentence, don’t you?
I guess you have been to the Great Wall, haven’t you?

（五）Let’s表示第一人稱的祈使句，用shall.
Let’s discuss the problem put forward at the meeting, shall we?

（六）Let me, Let us表示第二人稱的祈使句，用will.
Please let us have more time, will you?

（七）陳述句為第二人稱祈使句表示邀請時，用won’t you?
Have a little more coffee, won’t you?
若是叫對方做什么時，可用will you? Would you?
Please open the door, would you?

（八）當陳述部分的主語為somebody, everybody, anybody, nobody, someone, anyone, no one時，疑問部分的主語可用they, 也可用he.
Nobody can answer this question in English, can’t they? (or, can’t he?)

（九）當陳述部分的主語為something, anything, nothing, everything時，疑問部分的主語用it.
Everything has gone wrong, hasn’t it?

（十）句子結構的對等

句子結構的對等是指句子中相同成分要使用相同的語法結構。比如動詞與動詞，非謂語動詞與非謂語動詞，詞組與詞組，句子與句子等。

（十一）并列連詞連接的兩個謂語形式應該一致。
I have never taken part and will never taken part in this kind of activity.
This looks beautiful and is very cheap.

（十二）連接兩個并列的非謂語動詞。
I like to read novels and to watch TV.
In many ways driving a car is similar to riding a bike.
Methods of flood control focus on preventing rivers from rising and keeping them within their banks.

（十三）連接兩個并列句，其中兩個分句的語態應一致，且結構必須完整。
Take your shoes to the cobbler and ask him to change the soles.
The Newspaper boy came yesterday, but be doesn’t come today.

（十四）比較狀語從句as… as, more… than也應該連接兩個相等成分。
Music can make an exiting story more exciting, a sad one sadder, a happy one gayer.
To answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly.
The carpenter told me that to repair the old building would cost nearly as much as to build a new one

（十五）not only… but also, both… and, either… or 等連接兩個對等成分。
He is not only a very famous singer, but also a good husband.
I want to study both Japanese and English.

Exercise

1. We saw Alan skimming over the water and, finally, ______ into it.
A. plunged B. to plunge C. plunge D. plunging

2. Some of the people were standing in the street ______ the parade, while others were singing songs.
A. watch B. watched C. watching D. to watch

3. We solve the problem by using a computer rather than ______ it all by hand.
A. to do B. done C. be done D. doing

4. Please send me the smallest, most recently published, and ______ expensive dictionary that you have available.
A. less B. fewer C. least D. little

5. Ray lost his watch, which his father had given him, and ______ belonged originally to a soldier hero at Battan.
A. this B. that C. which D. it

6. Arthur had such a severe cold that he was undecided whether to go to work or ______ at home.
A. will remain B. to remain C. remaining D. remain

7. Whether an actress is excellent or not depends not on her appearance ______ ability.
A. but B. on C. but on D. and on

8. Marcel had had opportunity neither to learn correct English nor ______ it.
A. learned B. learning C. to learn D. be learned

9. The lion has long been a symbol of strength, power, ______ cruel.
A. and it is B. and C. it is D. and is

10. At the party she wore a dress that was far more attractive than ______.
A. other girls’ B. those of the other girls
C. the other girls’ D. that of the other girls

11. Your sister used to visit you quite often, ______?
A. didn’t she B. doesn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. hadn’t she

12. The nurse said that she was feeling well, ______?
A. didn’t she B. wasn’t she C. was she D. did she

13. I wish to recollect where I met her, ______?
A. would I B. may I C. may not I D. can I

14. I had to tell the truth, ______?
A. haven’t I B. wouldn’t I C. didn’t I D. shouldn’t I

15. Everybody here likes classic music, ______?
A. isn’t he B. doesn’t he C. do they D. don’t they

16. “Let us go, ______?” the crooks said to the policeman.
A. shall we B. won’t you C. won’t we D. don’t we

17. No one can do it well, ______?
A. can he B. won’t they C. can they D. can’t he

18. It has been a long time since we have talked to John, ______?
A. haven’t we B. hasn’t it C. have we D. has it

19. There’s a new Oriental Restaurant in town, ______?
A. isn’t it B. isn’t there C. is it D. is there

20. He was disappointed that you did not answer his letter, _______?
A. did he B. did you C. was he D. wasn’t he