2011年12月英語四級沖刺預測試題及答案(1)
來源：育路教育網發布時間：2011-12-04
partI Writing (30 minute)
注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上。
Directions:For this part ,you are allowed 30minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their
fectures.You should write at least 120 words following the outline when bellow:
1.有些大學允許學生自由選擇某些課程的任課教師
2.學生選擇教師時所考慮的主要因素
3.學生自選任課教師的益處和可能產生的問題
On Students Selecting Lecturers
范文：
On Students Choosing Lecturers
Nowadays, some universities give students the right to choose who teaches some of their classes. This has led to some debate over whether students should be given this much power.
There are several factors that students consider when choosing a lecturer, including the teaching style of the lecturer, the lecturer's academic background, and the lecturer's reputation among students. The ideal lecturer is one who has an interesting teaching style, a diverse academic background, and a good reputation among students.
There are both positive and negative aspects to allowing students to choose their lecturers. Giving students the choice encourages them to take ownership for their classes, and also puts pressure on teachers to improve their teaching quality.
However, the factors that students consider might not be the ones that lead to the highest quality of education. Schools might end up with lecturers who teach interesting classes without much content.
Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning ) (15 minute)
Directions: In this part,you will have 15 minute to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1
For questions 1-7,mark
Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N(for NO) if statement cintradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT CIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
for question 8-10 ,complete the sentenced with the information given in the passage.
Highway
A goverment study recommended a national highway systerm of33,920 miles,and congress passed the Federcal-Aid Highway Act of 1944,which called for strict,centrakky controlled desert criterra.
The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century .To bulid its 44,000-mile web of highways,bridge.and tunnels hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out.Consider the many geographic ,features of the country:mountains,steep grades,wetlands,rivers,desorts and plains.Variables included the slope of the land,the ability of the pavement to support the load.Innovative, designs of roadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country ,forever altering the face of American .
Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida,and remarkable tunnels like Fort Mchenry in Maryland and Mr.bakerin Washington developed under the nation's physical challenges,Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed uder the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world,ang were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.
Today .the interstate system links every major city in the U.S,and the U.S with Canada and Mexico,Built with safety in mind the highways have wide lanes and shoulders,dividing medians,or barriers,long entry and exit lanes,ourves engineered for safe turns,and limited access,The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads)
By opening the North American continent,highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of jobs,access to the growth options in terms of jobs access to cutural progreams health care ,and other benefits.Above all,the interstate system provides individuals with what they enerish most:personal freedom of mobility.
The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75 percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck.and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehiole.
Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes,it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations ,motels,restaurants,and shopping centres.It has allower the rwlocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.
By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads ,residential streets,expressways,and freeways built to support millions of vehicles,The high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vison and leadership.The year construction began he said:"Together,the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear -United States.Without them ,we would be a mere alliance of many sepaeate parts."
8.The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was___________
9.Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than__________________
10.The interterstate systerm was renamed afterEisenhower in recognition_____________
參考答案：1.Y N NG 2. Y N NG 3.Y NO NG 5. Y N NG 6.Y N NG 7.Y N NG
參考答案：08. personal freedom of mobility
參考答案：09. 75 percent
參考答案：10. his vision and leadership
Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and[D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. [A] Wait for the sale to start.
[B] Get further information about the sale.
[C] Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.
[D] Buy a new suit.
12. [A] He doesn’t think that John is ill.
[B] He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.
[C] He is aware that John is ill.
[D] He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.
13. [A] Before six. [B] At six. [C] After six. [D] After seven.
14. [A] It is bigger. [B] It has a prettier color.
[C] It has a larger yard. [D] It is brighter.
15. [A] Australian and American. [B] Guest and host.
[C] Husband and wife. [D] Professor and student.
16. [A] 1∶30. [B] 11∶00. [C] 9∶30. [D] 10∶00.
17. [A] He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late.
[B] He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.
[C] He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.
[D] He prefers traveling with the woman.
18. [A] He thinks she should visit her cousin.
[B] Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.
[C] Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.
[D] He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. [A] Two different types of bones in the human body.
[B] How bones help the body move.
[C] How bones continuously repair themselves.
[D] The chemical composition of human bones.
20. [A] They defend the bone against viruses.
[B] They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.
[C] They break down bone tissue.
[D] They connect the bone to muscle tissue.
21. [A] They have difficulty identifying these cells.
[B] They aren’t sure how these cells work.
[C] They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.
[D] They’ve found similar cells in other species.
22. [A] To learn how to prevent a bone disease.
[B] To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.
[C] To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.
[D] To create artificial bone tissue.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. [A] A new fuel for buses.
[B] The causes of air pollution.
[C] A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.
[D] Careers in environmental engineering.
24.[ A] Her car is being repaired.
[B] She wants to help reduce pollution.
[C] Parking is difficult in the city.
[D] The cost of fuel has increased.
25. [A] A fuel that burns cleanly.
[B] An oil additive that helps cool engines.
[C] A material from which filters are made.
[D] An insulating material sprayed on engine parts.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26.[A] From three to five months. [B] Three months. [C] Five months.[D] Four months.
27.[A] Watch traffic. [B] Obey commands. [C] Cross streets safely.[D] Guard the door.
28.[A] Three weeks. [B] Two weeks. [C] Four weeks. [D] Five weeks.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29.[A] Two to four times.[B] Four to six times. [C] Four to eight times.[D] Six to ten times.
30.[A] Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.
[B] People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.
[C] People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.
[D] Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.
31.[A] People dream so as to sleep better.
[B] People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.
[C] Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.
[D] Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. [A] A sales representative. [B] A store manager. [C] A committee chairperson.[D] A class president.
33.[ A] To determine who will graduate this year.
[B] To discuss the seating arrangement.
[C] To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.
[D] To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.
34. [A] Their names, phone numbers and job preference.
[B] The names and addresses of their guests.
[C] The names of the committee they worked on last year.
[D] Their dormitory name, address and phone number.
35. [A] In an hour.[B] Next week. [C] In one month. [D] Next year.
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11.W∶ I just saw an ad. on television that said men’s suits were on sales today and tomorrow at Conrad’s Men’s Wear.
M∶Great! That’s just what I’ve been waiting for.
Q∶What will the man probably do?
【解析】[D]男士說男士套裝的特價銷售正是他一直等待著的。所以從他的態度可判斷，他要去買件男裝。
12.W:Is John really ill?
M:It’s hard to say. I doubt there’s anything wrong with him physically.
Q: What does the man mean?
【解析】[A]從男士的話“我懷疑約翰的身體沒有任何問題”中可看出答案。
13.M:Do you know if the book shop is still open?
W:Yes, it’s open till six.
Q:When do you think this conversation took place?
【解析】[A]女士說書店現在還開著，一直開到六點呢，說明現在的時間是在六點之前。
14.M:Of the two houses we saw today, which do you prefer?
W:I think the white one is prettier, but the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better.
Q:Why does the woman like the brick house better than the white house?
【解析】[C]女士明確指出 the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better。
15. M:Honey, we’ll have a guest from Australia, a friend of mine. He’ll stay in California for two weeks.
W:Yes. Your friend Andy. He was your classmate at London University, wasn’t he?
Q:What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
【解析】[C]男士稱女士為 honey, 證明兩人關系親密，由此可判斷兩人關系為夫妻。
16.M: When will the meeting begin?
W:According to the schedule it should be at 9:30. It will last for an hour and a half.
Q:When will the meeting be closed?
【解析】[B]根據女士所說的話，根據時刻表會議9∶30開始，持續一個半小時，那么即11：00結束。
17. W:If I were you, I would take a plane instead of a bus. It will take you forever to go there.
M:But flying makes me so nervous.
Q: What does the man prefer to do?
【解析】[C] 女士建議男士乘飛機，男士回答說飛行讓他精神緊張，說明男士還是愿意乘坐公共汽車。
18. W:I’ve been thinking about my cousin a lot today.
M:Why not go over for a visit?
Q:What does the man mean?
【解析】[A]男士說的 Why not go over for a visit 即是在建議女士去看望她的堂兄。
Now you’ll hear two long conversations.
Conversation One
W:OK, last night you were supposed to read an article about human bones. Are there any comments about it?
M:Well, to begin with, I was surprised to find out there was so much going on in bones. I always assumed they were pretty lifeless.
W:Well, that’s an assumption many people make. But the fact is bones are made of dynamic living tissue that requires continuous maintenance and repair.
M:Right. That’s one of the things I found so fascinating about the article the way the bones repair themselves.
W:OK. So can you tell us how the bones repair themselves?
M:Sure. See, there are two groups of different types of specialized cells in the bone that work together to do it. The first group goes to an area of the bone that needs repair. This group of cells produces the chemical that actually breaks down the bone tissue, and leaves a hole in it. After that the second group of specialized cells comes and produces the new tissue that fills in the hole that was made by the first group.
W:Very good. This is a very complex process. In fact, the scientists who study human bones don’t completely understand it yet. They are still trying to find out how it all actually works. Specifically, because sometimes after the first group of cells leaves a hole in the bone tissue, for some reason, the second group doesn’t completely fill in the hole. And this can cause real problems. It can actually lead to a disease in which the bone becomes weak and is easily broken.
M:OK, I get it. So if the scientists can figure out what makes the specialized cells work, maybe they can find a way to make sure the second group of cells completely fills the hole in the bone tissue every time. That’ll prevent the disease from ever occurring.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19.What is the discussion mainly about?
【解析】[C]對話一開始就談論人類骨骼的問題，女士說 But the fact is bones are made of dynamic living tissue that requires continuous maintenance and repair. 后面的對話都是針對這個話題展開的討論，可見整個對話討論的話題是骨骼的自我修復能力。
20.What is the function of the first group of specialized cells discussed in the talk?
【解析】[C]男士解釋了第一組細胞的作用，第一組細胞生成一種化學物質分解骨組織(This group of cells produces the chemical that actually breaks down the bone tissue...)，由此可見答案是They break down bone tissue.
21.What does the professor say about scientists who study the specialized cells in human bones?
【解析】[B]女士說這種特殊細胞作用于人類骨骼的過程相當復雜，事實上，連研究人類骨骼的科學家都不能完全了解這個過程。從這一句中可以知道：In fact, the scientists who study human bones don’t completely understand it yet. 所以答案即是這些科學家也不完全知道這些細胞如何工作。
22.According to the student, which is one important purpose of studying specialized cells in human bones?
【解析】[A]學習這些人類骨骼中的特殊細胞的重要目的是為了學習如何預防骨頭疾病。從男士的這一句話中可看出：That’ll prevent the disease from ever occurring. 這樣可以在疾病發生之前預防疾病，可見[A]符合題意。
Conversation Two
M: Hi Diana, mind if I sit down?
W: Not at all, Jerry. How have you been?
M:Good. But I’m surprised to see you on the city bus. Your car in the shop?
W:No. I’ve just been thinking a lot about the environment lately. So I decided the air will be a lot cleaner if we all use public transportation when we could.
M:I’m sure you are right. The diesel bus isn’t exactly pollution free.
W:True. They’ll be running a lot cleaner soon. We were just talking about that in my environmental engineering class.
M:What could the city do? Install pollution filters in all their buses?
W:They could, but those filters make the engines work harder and really cut down on the fuel efficiency. Instead they found a way to make their engines more efficient.
M: How?
W:Well, there is a material that’s a really good insulator. And a thin coat of it gets sprayed on the certain part of the engine.
M: An insulator?
W:Yeah. What it does is reflect back the heat of burning fuel. So the fuel will burn much hotter and burn up more completely.
M:So a lot less unburned fuel comes out to pollute the air.
W:And the bus will need less fuel. So with the saving on fuel cost, they say this will all pay for itself in just six months.
M:Sounds like people should all go out and get some this stuff to spray their car engines.
W:Well, it’s not really that easy. You see, normally, the materials are fine powder. To melt it so you can spray a coat of it on the engine parts, you first have to heat it over 10,000 degrees and then, well, you get the idea. It’s not something you or I will be able to do ourselves.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23.What is the conversation mainly about?
【解析】[C]女士說為了環保應該多乘坐公共交通設備，因此之后的話題便圍繞如何節能保護環境的問題展開。這段對話主要討論的是公共汽車的節能問題，討論了如何讓公共汽車燃料更有效的利用，因此[C]符合題意。
24.Why did the woman decide to ride the city bus?
【解析】[B]對話開頭部分就交代了此題答案，那位女士說她不開自己的車而乘坐公共汽車是為了降低環境污染。從她提到的So I decided the air will be a lot cleaner if we all use public transportation when we could 即可得知。
25.What is the new material?
【解析】[D]這種新的材料是在引擎部位噴灑的一種絕緣材料。從女士的話中there is a material that’s a really good insulator. And a thin coat of it gets sprayed on the certain part of the engine即可得出。這種材料的用途是將燃料燃燒的熱量反射回去，從而達到提高效率的結果。
Section B
Passage One
A guide dog is a dog especially trained to guide a blind person. Dogs chosen for such training must show good intelligence, physical fitness, and responsibility.
At the age of about fourteen months, a guide dog begins an intensive course that lasts from three to five months. It becomes accustomed to the leather harness and stiff leather handle it will wear when guiding its blind owner. The dog learns to watch traffic and to cross streets safely. It also learns to obey any command that might lead its owner into danger.
The most important part of the training course is a four-week program in which the guide dog and its future owner learn to work together. However, many blind people are unsuited by personality to work dogs. Only about a tenth of the blind find a guide dog useful.
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. How long does the intensive course last?
【解析】[A]文中明確提到an intensive course that lasts from three to five months，因此正確答案為 [A]。
27.Which of the following is not a necessary skill guide dogs have to learn?
【解析】[D]答案依據是The dog learns to watch traffic and to cross streets safely. It also learns to obey any command that might lead its owner into danger. 從這兩句中可看出看家不屬于導盲犬訓練范圍內的技能。
28.How long does the most important training course last?
【解析】[C]最重要的訓練課程持續四周。文中明確指出了本題答案。The most important part of the training course is a fourweek program，從此句中即可看出。
Passage Two
People dream four to six times a night. They dream while they are in the REM stage of sleep, which means rapid eye movement stage in one’s sleep. Sleepers go into the REM stage about every 90 minutes. The first dream of the night may last about ten minutes. Each dream gets a little longer. The last dream of the night may be an hour long.
People need their dreams. Younger children spend more time dreaming. Babies spend almost half of their sleep in the REM stage.
One experiment showed that everyone needs to dream. Doctors gave some people sleeping pills. These sleeping pills didn’t let them go to REM sleep. After a few nights without dreams, they began to feel bad. They became angry easily, they worried a lot, and they wanted to fight with everyone. Then they stopped taking the sleeping pills. They all began to dream all night for a few nights to catch up.
Why do people dream? Dreams give them time to find the answers to some of their problems. If they think they will have difficult problems the next day, they may spend more time on REM sleep the night before. In their dreams, they may find an answer to their problems.
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29.How often does a person dream each night?
【解析】[B]文章一開始即交代了一個人一晚上要做夢四到六次。從第一句就可看出People dreams four to six times a night.因此，答案為 [B]。
30.What is true according to this passage?
【解析】[D]安眠藥會阻止人們進入REM睡眠狀態。These sleeping pills didn’t let them go to REM sleep.可看出 [D]項正確。
31.Why do people dream?
【解析】[D]文中明確給出了答案Dreams give them time to find the answers to some of their problems.因為在夢中人可以找到自己的問題的答案。
Passage Three
O.K., everybody. Can we start the meeting now? I’m Jeff Milton, the chairperson of the Graduation Committee for this year. You’ve all been selected as representatives to plan the graduation ceremonies. I’m sending around the sheet of paper for you to fill in your name and telephone number. Also, please write down what part of the ceremonies you would like to work on. Remember, as a representative, you will have a lot of responsibilities. So only sign up if you feel you have the time to participate. When everyone has finished writing down the information, please return the paper to me. At our next meeting one week from today, we’ll start to discuss the details of the ceremonies.
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32.Who is the speaker?
【解析】[C]從文章開頭說話者的自我介紹就可以知道他是這個委員會的主席。
33.What is the purpose of the meeting?
【解析】[D]在座的代表都是被選來計劃畢業典禮的事。
34.What should the students write on the paper?
【解析】[A]在座的學生應該在表格上填寫姓名、電話以及工作意向。
35.When is the next meeting?
【解析】[B]從這句話At our next meeting one week from today可知下次會議在下周召開。
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.
You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.
Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.
Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.
Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.
Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.
[A] positive
[B] additional
[C] duration
[D] effective
[E] shed
[F] physical
[G] food
[H] functions [I] participated
[J] rely
[K] cut
[L] repeatedly
[M] uses
[N] little
[O] obvious
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by his and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one's goals at too low a level of achievement.
A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: "You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown," The counselor added, " You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given you best effort."
57. In the first paragraph, the author implies that ________ are essential in achieving success.
[A] ability and goals [C] ability and environment
[B] goals and determination [D] goals and environment
58. The word "frugal" (Line 2, Para. 2) means ________.
[A] wealthy [C] thrifty
[B] wasteful [D] miserable
59. Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because ________.
[A] their life is miserable [C] their goals are too low
[B] they do not live in peace [D] they are not rich enough by their own standards.
60. The last paragraph implies that ________.
[A] we should have high goals [C] success means taking a walk in the park
[B] success means achieving great goals [D] success means trying one's best at what one
really likes
61. This passage mainly talks about ________.
[A] the definition of success [C] how to set goals
[B] how to achieve success [D] the importance of goals
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.
When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own private space-ferry service, he figures his bread-and-butter business would be lofting satellite into high earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong. "People were always asking me when they could go," says Kelly, who runs Kelly Space Technology, "I realized the real market is in space tourism."
According to preliminary market surveys, there are 10,000 would-be space tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventures in Arlington have taken more than 130 deposits for a two-hour, $98,000 space tour tentatively set to occur by 2005. This may sound great, but there are a few hurdles. Putting a simple satellite into orbit—with no oxygen, life support or return trip necessary—already costs and astronomical $2,200/kg. And that doesn't include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious(愛打官司的)passengers. The entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the spacetourism market has between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket".
The U.S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do: design a reusable launch system that's inexpensive, safe and reliable. Kelly Space's prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in California has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to earth. The first passenger countdowns are still years away, but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all, you can't be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far, far away.
62. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
[A] Take Vacations in Space [C] Flight Regulations in Space Travels
[B] Building Hotels in Space [D] Cost of Space Traveling
63. The phrase "bread-and-butter business" (Line 1, Pare.1) most probably means ________.
[A] a business to sell bread and butter [C] the business to make a living
[B] a business to produce bread and butter [D] a traveling agency
64. How much is the 2-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures in Arlington?
[A] $1 million. [B] $10,000. [C] $98,000 [D] $22,000
65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
[A] The biggest hurdle for the space-tourism project is lack of a life supporting system.
[B] The entrepreneurs trying to explore the space-tourism have plenty of money.
[C] The government has little interests in this project.
[D] The first passenger countdowns are within a few years.
66. What's the author's tone in the last sentence of the passage?
[A] Objective. [C] Approving.
[B] Ironical. [D] Enthusiastic.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
47. E 該空需填入動詞原形，結合原意“和大多數美國人一梯狀，你(的體重)可能也有幾磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。
48. F 結合常識和下文可知，F最符合文意。
49. A 結合句意“令人驚奇的是，為了看到長期________效果你不必節食或常去健身館”，可知空格處需填一形容詞，初選后留下A、D。由于下文只是講到運動會幫助減肥，但并未說明它的效果明顯，所以此處宜選用意思上更寬泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。
50. H 下文舉例的breathing, blood circulation and digestion都是人體的基本功能，且其后的functioning已給出了提示，故H最符合文意。
51. B 該空需填入形容詞，結合常識和句意“任何時候只要你活動，你都需要________能量”來看選項，B(額外的)符合文意。
52. C 該句句意為“采用這兩種能量消耗來源中的哪一種取決于你活動的強度和________”，結合下文提到的...low to moderately intense and of long duration...可知C最符合文意。
53. J 結合句意“(活動的)強度越低，身體越________于脂肪作為其燃料”，該空應填入能和on搭配的動詞，J最符合文意。
54. D 結合常識可知，有氧運動是最有效的減肥方式，選項中D最符合文意。
55. L 該空需填入副詞，選項中只有L和N可作副詞，由下文提到的walking, running, swimming, dancing, and jumping等可推知在這些有氧運動中四肢的活動是反復的，故排除N。
56. I 該空需填入動詞的過去分詞，結合句意“如果你已經________高強度、爆發性的運動，你會燃燒更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
57. C 推斷題。由文章第一段最后一句可知，由于我們每個人天生的能力和后天成長的環境不同，所以我們對成功的定義很泛，由此可以推斷，作者認為能力和環境是獲得成功的基本條件，故選C。
58. C 語義題。結合文章第二段第二句中的poor shepherd(貧窮的牧羊人)和選項可以推斷，C(節約的)正確，thrifty意為“節儉的，樸素的”;wealthy(富有的)，wasteful(浪費的)，miserable(悲慘的)均排除。
59. D 細節題。文章第二段倒數第二句指出，有的人已經很富有了卻認為自己不成功是因為他們是根據自己的目標判斷成功與否的，所以D正確。
60. D 推斷題。文章最后一句指出，在沒有盡全力做自己喜歡的事而失敗之前，失敗都不算真正的失敗，由此推斷，文章最后一段暗示，成功就是盡全力做自己喜歡的事情，所以D正確。
61. A 主旨題。本文第一句是全文的主題句，即每個人對成功的定義都不同，在接下來的幾段中作者從不同角度定義了成功，所以A正確。
Passage Two
62. A 主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章討論的是太空旅游業的可行性，所以A正確。其他三項均沒有全面概括文章大意。
63. C 語義題。文章第一段首句指出，“麥克開始倒立自己的太空旅行社時，他構想他的________將能把人造衛星送上地球軌道”。A(賣面包和黃油的生意)，B(生產面包和黃油的生意)，C(謀生生意)，D(旅游中介)四個選項中，C最符合題意。bread-and-butter意為“實用的，生計的”。
64. C 細節題。文章第二段第二句指出，公司收取了130多份定金，費用是兩小時98，000美元，所以C正確。
65. C 推斷題。文章第三段提到，太空旅行最大的困難是資金問題，美國政府對此沒什么興趣，所以C正確;A(計劃的最大困難是生命維持系統問題)，B(開發此市場的企業家們有足夠的資金)，D(首次航行在幾年內就可實現)，均與原文不符，故排除。
66. B 觀點態度題。根據上下文可知，作者認為實現太空旅行還很遙遠，而有人卻已經開始制定規劃了，作者的話語中(that galaxy far, far away)含有諷刺意味，所以B正確;A(客觀的)，C(贊同的)、D(熱衷的)均不正確。
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 67 over the centuries. During the 1950s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 68 and describing the reading process. 69 specialists agree that reading 70 a complex organization of higher mental 71 , they disagree 72 the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 73 reading as simply the decoding of symbols to the sounds they stand 74 .
These authorities 75 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is 76 related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 77 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 78 to some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 79 reads.
Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 80 . By some experts they would not be 81 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most 82 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 83 the soundsymbols' code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 84 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 85 widely and enthusiastically. 86 short, reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.
67. [A] substantively [B] substantially [C] substitutively [D] subjectively
68. [A] distributing [B] promoting [C] defining [D] reporting0
69. [A] Although [B] If [C] Unless [D] Until
70. [A] involves [B] takes [C] reveals [D] invites
71. [A] opinions [B] effects [C] manners [D] functions
72. [A] of [B] about [C] for [D] into
73. [A] view [B] look [C] reassure [D] agree
74. [A] by [B] to [C] off [D] for
75. [A] content [B] contend [C] contempt [D] contact
76. [A] inexplicably [B] inexpressibly [C] inextricably [D] inexpediently
77. [A] interpreting [B] telling [C] explaining [D] reading
78. [A] like [B] for [C] according [D] as
79. [A] totally [B] usually [C] mainly [D] actually
80. [A] part [B] entirety [C] chapter [D] section
81. [A] claimed [B] said [C] classified [D] graded
82. [A] inclusive [B] inclinable [C] conclusive [D] complicated
83. [A] break [B] elaborate [C] define [D] unlock
84. [A] purposes [B] degrees [C] stages [D] steps
85. [A] such [B] so as [C] so [D] such as
86. [A] By [B] In [C] On [D] To
【參考答案】
67. B 詞義辨析題。subjectively意為“實質地”，substantially意為“充分地，很多地”，substitutively意為“可替代地”，subjectively意為“主觀地”。本句的意思是“經過幾個世紀，閱讀的概念已經________改變了。”選項B與句意最符。
68. C 介詞用法題。本句中的to是介詞，應該接名詞或動名詞。結合其后and describing the reading process可知，應選C。
69. A 詞義辨析題。兩個分句的謂語分別是agree和disagree，由此可知，這兩個分句應為轉折關系，故選A。
70. A 詞義辨析題。involve意為“卷入，包括”，take意為“拿走，獲得”，reveal意為“顯示，揭露”，invite意為“邀請”，結合句意“專家們認為閱讀________更高的、更復雜的智力活動”，A最符合。
71. D 詞義辨析題。mental function意為“智力活動”，故選D。opinion意為“意見”，manner意為“行為”，effect意為“影響”，這三項與mental搭配均不符合句意，故排除。
72. B 慣用搭配題。disagree about/on意為“對……有不同意見”，故選B。
73. A 慣用搭配題。view...as是慣用搭配，意為“把……看做”，故選A。look是不及物動詞，如需使用，應用look at。
74. D 慣用搭配題。stand for意為“代表”，stand by意為“支持”，stand to意為“遵守”，stand off意為“疏遠”，結合句意可知，D正確。
75. B 詞義辨析題。content意為“內容”，contend意為“爭論，主張”，contemp意為“輕視”，contact意為“接觸”，結合句意可知，B正確。
76. A 詞義辨析題。inexplicably意為“無法解釋地”，inexpressibly意為“說不出地”，inextricably意為“解決不了地”，inexpediently意為“不明智地”，結合句意可知，A正確。
77. A 詞義辨析題。本句意為“一個孩子能讀出聲而不________所讀的含義，不能叫做真正的閱讀。”故選A(了解，理解)。explain意為“解釋”，真正的閱讀并不需要去解釋什么，而是要理解所讀材料的意思。
78. C 詞義辨析題。some在句中指代與authorities持不同觀點的人，空格與后面的to some共同構成插入語，according to為固定搭配，該插入語意為“根據有些人的觀點”，故選C。
79. D 詞義辨析題。totally意為“完全地”，usually意為“通常”，mainly意為“大體地”，均不符合句意，排除。actually意為“實際上”，下一句對其進行了反向解釋，即有閱讀能力的許多成年人，并未全面讀過一本書。言外之意，他們實際上不算讀者，故選D。
80. B 詞義辨析題。part意為“部分，零件”，entirety意為“整體”，chapter意為“章”，section意為“部分，節”，in its entirety意為“整體地，全面地”，由此可知B正確。
81. C 詞義辨析題。be classified as意為“被劃分，被分類到”，符合句意，故選C。
82. C 詞義辨析題。conclusive意為“確定的”，the most conclusive是其最高級，指最確定的，故選C。inclusive意為“包括的，包圍的”，inclinable意為“傾向于，贊成的”，complicated意為“復雜的”，均不符合句意。
83. D 詞義辨析題。unlock意為“解開，破譯”，符合句意，故選D。break意為“破裂”，elaborate意為“詳細說明”，define意為“解釋”，均不符合句意。
84. A 詞義辨析題。由句意“為了不同的________而對意思進行解釋”，可知A正確。for various purposes意為“出于各種各樣的原因”。
85. C 詞義辨析題。so用在do之后代表上文提到的具體動作，以避免重復，故選C。
86. B 慣用搭配題。結合上下文可知，此處要做總結，四個選項中只有B能和short構成短語in short(總之)。
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
【參考答案】
87. since we introduced color photographs on the front page
本句為現在完成時，再結合中文部分的內容可知，該部分應譯成since引導的時間狀語從句。為了強調此處的“采用”是從無到有的運用，應將其譯成introduce，而不是單純表示“運用”的use。
88. more complicate animals developed from the simple animals
本題的考點是“高等動物”和“低等動物”的譯法，即complicated animals和simple animals。值得注意的是，某些中文表達在英語中很難找到相對應的單詞，此時往往可以用詞組將中文的含義表達出來。
89. I'd like to order one fried egg and bacon
外出吃飯時，點菜所用的動詞可用order或have，此處為了避免與下句動詞重復，用order更好。而在表示主觀意愿的“想要”時，常用I'd like to來表示。
90. because of the sweet taste and a variety of flavors
本題的考點是“多種口味”的譯法，可用a variety of，強調種類繁多。a lot of雖然也表示“很多的”，但指的只是數量上的多，意思不夠貼切。
91. Scientists will come up with
本題的考點是“提出”的譯法。此處“提出”的賓語是methods，故采用短語come up with表達此意。
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87. The circulation figures have risen ________________________ (自從我們在頭版上采用了彩色照片后).
88. I believe in the theory that ________________________(高等動物是由低等動物發展而來的).
89. _______________________(我要點一份煎蛋和熏肉), and my colleague will have two eggs on toast.
90. Children love soft drinks, ________________________(因為它味道很甜而且有多種口味).
91. ________________________(科學家們將會提出)new methods of increasing the world's food supply.
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