2011年考研英語閱讀理解真題分析(2)

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    2000年52題：The loss of U.S.predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American.

    ［A］TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market

    ［B］semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises

    ［C］machine_tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions

    ［D］auto industry had lost part of its domestic market

    ［正確答案］D

    “80年代美國失去在全球經濟的主導地位由美國的汽車工業失去部分國內市場這一事實體現出來。”

    圈點原文：By the mid 1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries， such as consumer electronics， had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left， Zenith （Now there is none： Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July）。 Foreign_made cars and textiles were sweepingsintosthe domestic market.

    “到20世紀80年代中期，面對其工業競爭力的日益衰退，美國人感到無計可施。一些大型的工業如電子消費品面對外國競爭已萎縮或消失。到1987年美國只剩下一個電視制造商：現在一個都沒有了，7月韓國的LG電子公司買下了Zenith公司。進口汽車和紡織品迅速占領了國內市場。”文章說進口汽車占領國內市場，反過來就是國產汽車工業失去了一部分國內市場，D選項與之內容一致。

    “關鍵詞替換”是出現最頻繁的命題方式，幾乎每年都有一些用這種方式設置的題目。

    1999年55題：We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business.

    ［A］has been striving to expand its market

    ［B］intended to follow a fanciful fashion

    ［C］tried but in vain to control the market

    ［D］has been booming for one year or so

    ［正確答案］A

    “從文章開頭我們得知網絡經濟正在力爭擴展市場。”對應原文：In the first year or so of Web business， most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market.“在網絡經濟的頭一年左右，大多數的行動與致力于開發買方市場有關。”strive替換原文中的efforts，expand替換原文中的tap.

    1999年62題：According to the author， basic computer skills should be.

    ［A］included as an auxiliary course in school

    ［B］highlighted in acquisition of professional qualifications

    ［C］mastered through a life_long course

    ［D］equally emphasized by any school， vocational or otherwise

    ［正確答案］A

    “根據作者所說基礎的計算機技能在學校中應設為輔修課程。”對應原文：In any case， basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional. auxiliary替換complementary.

    “關鍵詞替換”這一方式不僅用于設置選項，還可以用于設置題干。

    例如：2000年61題：Futurists claim that we must.

    ［A］increase the production of literature

    ［B］use poetry to relieve modern stress

    ［C］develop new modes of expression

    ［D］avoid using adjectives and verbs

    ［正確答案］C

    “未來派詩人聲稱我們必須發展新的表達方式。”對應原文：This speeding up of life， says the Futurist， receives a new form of expression.題干中的claim替換原文中的say，而選項中的mode則替換原文中的form.命題專家常常采用“語言簡化”、“反話正說”、“正話反說”、“關鍵詞替換”這四種方式設置考題，對考生進行干擾。考生在了解這些方式后，就可以反其道而行之，利用這四種命題方式來檢查所選選項是否與原文重疊。