2011考研英語模擬題(15)

　2. [A] on [B] in [C] with [D] about

　　3. [A] worship [B] reverence [C] admiration [D] gratitude

　　4. [A] vanished [B] recovered [C] declined [D] attained

　　5. [A] unpredictable[B] unforgivable[C] unlimited [D] unlikely

　　6. [A] creatures [B] animals [C] men [D] mortals

　　7. [A] use [B] turn [C] give [D] back

　　8. [A] inhabit [B] live [C] reside [D] lodge

　　9. [A] Hence [B] Thereafter [C] Somehow [D] Incidentally

　　10. [A] introduction[B] transaction [C] distribution[D] provision

　　11. [A] as [B] for [C] under [D] of

　　12. [A] along [B] anyway [C] afterwards [D] alike

　　13. [A] additional [B] vital [C] singular [D] exceptional

　　14. [A] alternative [B] secondary [C] intermediate[D] fundamental

　　15. [A] pacify [B] tempt [C] suppress [D] manipulate

　　16. [A] Beside [B] Beyond [C] Below [D] Before

　　17. [A] supervised [B] held [C] managed [D] presided

　　18. [A] Around [B] Under [C] Above [D] Outside

　　19. [A] leading [B] noble [C] controlling [D] principal

　　20. [A] consist [B] compose [C] compile [D] consume

　　答案

　　1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7.C 8.A 9. A 10. C

　　11. B 12. D 13.B 14.C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B

　　總體分析

　　本文介紹了蘇美爾人對神的崇拜及由此引起的社會階層的劃分。第一句至第四句為一個意群，主要介紹了蘇美爾人對神的崇拜，以及神凌駕于人之上。第五句至倒數第二句為一個意群，介紹了由于對神的崇拜而出現的社會上層階層及其職能。末句附帶說明了在宗教體系之外的社會階層。

　　全文翻譯

　　所有的蘇美爾城邦都認可很多共同的神，包括天空之神、風暴之王、晨星和昏星。雖然蘇美爾人崇拜代表繁衍、愛和戰爭的女神，但她在地位上卻明顯低于男性神。這表明在一個更趨都市化的社會中，過去時代的民族曾經致以大地母親神的敬意已經減少。神似乎都極其暴力且捉摸不定，人的一生成為任他們擺布和奴役的一生。史詩《創世記》中強調人類被創造出來是為了使神放棄勞動。而且每一座城邦都有它自己的神，該神被認為確實居住在廟宇里，理論上則是城邦里所有財產的擁有者。因此詮釋神的意志并且控制城市經濟產品的分配的僧侶以他們超自然的以及在物質方面享有的功能而受到青睞。公元前3000年以后，當城市不斷增多的戰事使軍事領導才能變得非常重要時，成為國王的軍隊首領占據了在神與僧侶階層之間的位置，他是神的代言人，對僧侶階層既利用又安撫。因此在一個等級社會中國王和僧侶代表了上層階級。居于他們之下的是書吏，即，廟宇世俗的侍臣，他監督城市經濟生活的方方面面，并制定粗略的司法體系。在廟宇官員之外，社會被劃分為四類人：大地主和軍事領導人這樣一群精英和貴族人群；商人、工匠和技工的混合群體；占人口大部分的自由農民；奴隸。

　　十一、情人節的來歷

　　Valentine‘s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__ the fierce wolves roamed nearby，the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for the year.

　　Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine‘s Day __9__ a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young couples，he was put to death on February 14th，the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his death，Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—Valentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.

　　Valentine‘s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover’s heart may still be used to __18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts，such as flowers or jewelry，to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine‘s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.

　　1.[A] While [B] When [C] Though [D] Unless

　　2.[A] upon [B] back [C] off [D] away

　　3.[A] honor [B] belief [C] hand [D] way