Read the following three texts．Answer the questions on each text by choosing A，B，C or D．Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1．
The cohesiveness( 內聚力 )of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however ,working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours--what we here call "shift work"--makes the lives of families difficult.
Existing research shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do "whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage ,including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed, even when wives worked outside their homes, a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to support the family ;wives are "homemakers" who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children.
The women' s definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife' s response: I expect him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking, when it' s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.
To husbands, a good wife is someone who is:
Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work, I hope I get it at work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don' t want her to give me a lot of shit when I come home from work because I don' t know if this makes much sense. These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers.
51．Despite_________,shift work couples still hoped to maintain a stable life
[A]traditional beliefs about marriage
[B]lack of control over time
[C]a very clear division of roles
[D]the demands of work
52．From the selection，we can conclude that female shift workers were NOT satisfied with________
[A]their work
[B]their children
[C]their husbands’ inability to protect the family and provide companionship
[D]leisure activities
33．What is implied by the author?
[A]Shift work had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members．
[B]Shift workers could live a normal life．
[C]Shift work couples had unconventional ideas about marriage．
[D]Female shift workers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families．
54．In order to continue the marriages of the shift workers，___________．
[A]wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands ale absent
[B]shift work couples must administer their time and activities
[C]wives mustn’t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands’ work
[D]all of these
55．The best title for this paragraph is_________
[A]Constructing Family Life
[B]Managing Time and Activities
[C]The Meaning of Marriage
[D]Living a Normal Life
參考譯文
一個家庭的內聚力似乎要依靠家庭成員們一起做一些常規的來維系。然而由于美國勞動力人數的增多，在非正常工作時間的輪作，也就是我們通常所說的“換班工作”，使家庭生活面臨困境。
現有的調查表明男性和女性的倒班工人都承認壓力很大，工作和家庭生活的需求相互沖突。但是，從事換班_工作的夫婦們仍然保持著婚姻的意義和夫妻各自責任的傳統觀念。他們表示仍然愿意“不惜一切代價”實現他們認為正常的婚姻生活，譬如犧牲睡眠時間或是在非常時間去做一些慣例的事情。大多數接受采訪的夫婦，甚至是那些妻外工作的家庭都認為，正常家庭生活的顯著特點還是清楚的分工：是家庭的“支撐者”，他們的主要責任是養活全家，而妻子仍然是“主婦，她們負責打掃、做 飯、照顧丈夫和孩子。
以下是一個妻子對“好丈夫”的定義，這代表了所有女人的看法：我希望他能養家。在我需要的時侵陪在我身邊，和我熱衷于相同的，事物。希望他也愿意支配我，就像我期望的那樣。這么說吧，在需要他表現得像個男人的時候，我希望他挺身而出，而不是坐視不管，卻想讓我去處理一切。
丈夫們眼中的好妻子是這樣的：她要理解我在工作中的感受。我需要在工作時受尊重，我希望能在工作中找副受尊重的感覺。我要我的妻子明白我對工作的期望。我可不想每天下班回家的時候，她嘮叨個沒完，因為我也不知道這是否有意義。以上的觀點對于維護那些輪班工作的夫妻家庭是至關重要的。
答案及解析
51．B【解析】“shiftwork”意為“working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours”。而A、C選項中“traditional beliefs about marriage”．“a very clear division of" roles”均為“a stable life”的一部分，不符合題意。
52．C【解析】由文中“the", women ’s definitions of a good husband”可以看出C為正確答案。
53．A【解析】由文章主旨句“shiftwork makes the lives of families difficult”可知選A。
54．D【解析】聯系全文，知A、B、C三項均正確。
55．C【解析】先排除D項，因全文圍繞shiftwork展開，B項則太具體A項則涵義過廠,全文切人點為marriage.
