考研英語(yǔ)閱讀定語(yǔ)從句實(shí)例解析(二)

　　3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities-those of love and of reason-are the aims of all social arrangements.

　　要點(diǎn)：本句為含有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞suggest可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。而賓語(yǔ)中的transform一詞常用在transform sth.from…… into……結(jié)構(gòu)中，譯為“把…從…轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤�”。句中兩個(gè)in which分別修飾其先行詞industrialism，翻譯時(shí)宜采用前置法。兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間的those of love and of reason為potentialities一詞的同位語(yǔ)。

　　譯文：我建議把我們的社會(huì)制度從以最大限度的生產(chǎn)和最大限度的消費(fèi)為目的的官僚主義管理下的產(chǎn)業(yè)體制轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋�(gè)充分發(fā)揮人的潛能——即愛(ài)和理智的潛能——為其全部社會(huì)工作之目的的人道主義產(chǎn)業(yè)體制。

　　4. President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions, who criticized, on whose judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view, regardless of their rank or viewpoint.

　　要點(diǎn)：本句中who……，who……，on whose……，who……四個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句并列，共同修飾中心詞people.

　　譯文：肯尼迪總統(tǒng)需要提問(wèn)題的人、能提批評(píng)意見(jiàn)的人、做出可靠判斷的人以及能提出明智看法的人，而不問(wèn)他們的級(jí)別和觀點(diǎn)。

　　5. In the soap war between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.

　　要點(diǎn)：此句結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，但主句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)為use，謂語(yǔ)為is made.主句正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)閠remendous use of statistics is made to……，to measure……作目的狀語(yǔ)，resulting from……為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作difference的后置定語(yǔ)。which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾allocation to advertising.so that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。plus為介詞，意為“加上”。soap war為“肥皂廣告大戰(zhàn)”。

　　譯文：在Proctor and Gamble和Unilever兩家企業(yè)之間的“肥皂大戰(zhàn)”中，雙方就大量使用了統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)知識(shí)來(lái)測(cè)量由相應(yīng)的廣告投入所引起的市場(chǎng)上的動(dòng)態(tài)差異，這一項(xiàng)在前的生產(chǎn)成本中占較大部分，所以他們把生產(chǎn)成本看作是生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用與廣告費(fèi)用之和。

　　6. Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.

　　要點(diǎn)：本句為簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合句。句架為Smart cards，which……，are already widely used in European countries where……。which為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾smart cards；where為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修countries.nationwide：全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的。roll out：本意為“展開(kāi)（卷起之物）”，此處為引申義，指展開(kāi)工作。

　　譯文：智能卡載有的信息量是普通磁卡信息載量的80多倍，已經(jīng)在歐洲各國(guó)廣泛使用，因而使歐洲各國(guó)中央銀行得以在全國(guó)范圍展開(kāi)新型的服務(wù)。