玩?zhèn)游戲,下面三個(gè)短語或句子,你能一眼看出哪一句用了破折號(hào),哪句又用的是短破折號(hào)或連字符?
non-English-speaking peoples
the post–World War II years
She outlined the strategy—a strategy that would, she hoped, secure the peace.
答案揭曉:從上到下分別是連字符(-)、短破折號(hào)(–)、英文破折號(hào)(—)
答對(duì)了?小菜一碟?請(qǐng)聽第二題,三個(gè)句子中的符號(hào)(“-”“–”“—”)可以互換嗎?如果可以,怎么個(gè)換法?
這個(gè)問題嘛,就相當(dāng)具有技術(shù)含量了。想得分?你得對(duì)連字符、短破折號(hào)、破折號(hào)的用法了然于胸。
連字符(-)
1.創(chuàng)造復(fù)合詞
例:
upper-case letter
2.分隔復(fù)合詞的前綴和詞根,簡化閱讀
例:
non-nuclear, re-use
3.分隔數(shù)字或字母
例:
手機(jī)號(hào)碼:1-234-567-8901
拼寫:My name is Phyllis;that’s p-h-y-l-l-i-s.
4.連接因換行而分隔兩行的單詞
例:
Trust Law ranks the Congo as one of the most dangerous coun
-tries for sexual violence.
短破折號(hào)(–)
1.相當(dāng)于to,主要用于連接數(shù)字或單詞,表達(dá)“從……到……”的意思
例:
Her college years,1998–2002,were the happiest in her life.
Professor Plato’s survey (1999–) will cover the subject in the final volume.
2.代替連字符的用途。當(dāng)復(fù)合形容詞中,有構(gòu)成元素是開放復(fù)合詞(由兩個(gè)及以上單詞構(gòu)成的一個(gè)復(fù)合詞,e.g. high school)或帶連字符的復(fù)合詞,要用短破折號(hào)連接。
例:
the post–World War II years(World war正是開放型復(fù)合詞)
a quasi-public–quasi-judicial body
3.連接擁有不同校區(qū)的大學(xué)
例:
the University of Wisconsin–Madison
the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
破折號(hào)(—)
1.解釋說明
例:
It was a revival of the most potent image in modern democracy—the revolutionary idea.
2.分隔引導(dǎo)從句的代詞
例:
Consensus—that was the will-o’-the wisp he doggedly pursued.
3.表思考或?qū)υ捑渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的突然中斷
例:
"Will he—can he—obtain the necessary signatures?" asked Mill.
4.代替逗號(hào)。一種情況是,原本由逗號(hào)分隔的主句和從句,可以用破折號(hào)代替;二是,在引用的句子的末尾用破折號(hào)表示中斷。
例:
Because the data had not been fully analyzed—the reason for this will be discussed later—the publication of the report was delayed.
"I assure you, we shall never—" Sylvia began, but Mark cut her short.
5.與其他標(biāo)點(diǎn)連用。破折號(hào)能跟在問號(hào)、感嘆號(hào)之后,但不能跟在逗號(hào)、冒號(hào)、分號(hào)之后。
例:
Only if—heaven forbid!—you lose your passport should you call home.
綜上所述,我們?cè)倏次恼麻_頭的問題,答案當(dāng)然是三個(gè)符號(hào)不能互換。結(jié)論很簡單,但是其中的筆記值得Get哦。
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