2012年考研英語閱讀理解精讀高分版(19)

　　One great benefit of the Web is that it allows us to move information online that now resides in paper form. Several states in America are using the Web in a profound way. You can apply for various permits or submit applications for business licences. Some states are putting up listings of jobs—not just state government jobs, but all the jobs available in the state. I believe, over time, that all the information that governments print, and all those paper forms they now have, will be moved on to the Internet.

　　Electronic commerce notches up month-by-month too. It is difficult to measure, because a lot of electronic commerce involves existing buyers and sellers who are simply moving paperbased transactions to the Web. That is not new business. Microsoft, for example, purchases millions of dollars of PCs online instead of by paper. However, that is not a fundamental change; it has just improved the efficiency of an existing process. The biggest impact has occurred where electronic commerce matches buyers and sellers who would not previously have found each other. When you go to a book site and find an obscure book that you never would have found in a physical bookstore, that is a new type of commerce.

　　Today, about half of all PCs are still not connected to the Web. Getting communications costs down and making all the software simpler will bring in those people. And that, in turn, will move us closer to the critical mass that will make the Web lifestyle everyone's lifestyle. One element that people underestimate is the degree to which the hardware and software will improve. Just take one aspect: screen technology. I do my e-mail on a 20-inch liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor. It is not available at a reasonable price yet, but in two years it will be. In ten years, a 20-inch LCD with much higher resolution will be commonplace. The boundary between a television set and a PC will be blurred because even the set-top box that you connect up to your cable or satellite will have a processor more powerful than what we have today in the most expensive PC. This will, in effect, make your television a computer.

　　Interaction with the Web also will improve, making it much easier for people to be involved. Today the keywords we use to search the Web often return to too many articles to sort through, many of them out of context. If you want to learn about the fastest computer chip available, you might end up getting responses instead about potato chips being delivered in fast trucks. In the future, we shall be either speaking or typing sentences into the computer. If you ask about the speed of chips, the result will be about computers, not potatoes. Speech recognition also means that you will be able to call in on a phone and ask if you have any new messages, or check on a flight, or check on the weather.

　　To predict that it will take over ten years for these changes to happen is probably pessimistic. We usually overestimate what we can do in two years and underestimate what we can do in ten. It will not be too long before the Web becomes as much a way of life as the car.［558 words］

　　1. Electronic commerce becomes a new type of commerce when______.

　　［A］ paperbased transactions are moved on to the Web

　　［B］ the efficiency of the existing process is improved by Internet

　　［C］ new buyers and sellers find each other on the Internet

　　［D］ a book site offers the books several bookstores have altogether

　　2. The use of computer will be as common as the use of cars when_______.

　　［A］ governments begin to move administration on-line

　　［B］ electronic commerce causes a fundamental change

　　［C］ computer and communication become simpler and cheaper

　　［D］ the boundary between the computer and the TV disappears

　　3. What is the current problem with the Web according to the passage?

　　［A］ Too much information. ［B］ Lack of response.

　　［C］ Ineffective interaction. ［D］ Slowness of speed.

　　4. The example of potato chips is used to illustrate_____.

　　［A］ the defect of computers at the present stage of development

　　［B］ the similarity between a computer chip and a potato chip

　　［C］ the richness of information available on the web

　　［D］ the irrelevant responses the web sometimes offers

　　5. The passage is mainly trying to show that______.

　　［A］ the web is becoming a way of conveying information

　　［B］ the web will bring about a new way of life

　　［C］ electronic commerce develops with the internet

　　［D］ interaction with the Web will become easier

　　1.當_____時候，電子商務成為一種新的商務方式。

　　［A］ 以紙張為基礎的交易被移到網上進行 ［B］ 現有交易過程的效率通過網絡得到提高

　　［C］ 新的買者和賣者可以通過網絡找到對方［D］ 一個購書網站提供數家書店共同擁有的書

　　［精解］ 答案C本題考查事實細節。整個第二段圍繞電子商務展開論述。該段第二句談到：許多電子商務僅僅是現有的買家和賣家把以紙張為基礎的交易移到網上進行。緊接著一句說：“這不是一種新的貿易”。所以［A］項可排除。該段第四句舉例指出，微軟每年在線購買數百萬美元的電腦，而不是通過紙張進行。文章接著提到，“這不是個根本的變化，只是提高了現有交易過程的效率”。所以也可排除［B］項。第二段第五句提到，“當電子商務把以前不可能找到對方的買方和賣方匹配起來時，網上交易的比較大影響力才出現。”因此［C］項是新的商務方式的表現。緊接著該段末句舉例提到，當你去購書網站找到一本在有形的書店不能找到的毫無名氣的書，那就是新形式的商務。［D］項強調書的數量，與原文不符。

　　2. 當_____的時候，計算機的使用會和汽車的使用一樣普及。

　　［A］ 政府部門開始把行政事務移到網上進行［B］ 電子交易引起了一個根本的變化

　　［C］ 計算機和通訊變得更加簡單和便宜 ［D］ 計算機和電視之間的界限消失

　　［精解］ 答案C本題考查事實細節。［A］項是第一段舉出的例子，只是說明了網絡帶來的益處。［B］項是第二段論述中關于網上商務的內容，但它和計算機普及之間也沒有根本的聯系，所以也可排除。第三段前兩句提到：“通訊費用的降低以及所有軟件的簡易化會使沒有和網絡連接的個人電腦實現連接，從而更接近讓網絡方式成為所有人的生活方式的臨界點。”所以應選［C］項。［D］項在第三段比較后提到，是舉例說明軟件（如處理器）發展的前景。

　　3. 根據文章內容，目前網絡的問題是什么？

　　［A］ 太多的信息。［B］ 缺少回應。 ［C］ 低效的交流。 ［D］ 緩慢的速度。

　　［精解］ 答案C本題考查推理引申。第四段前兩句提到，與網絡的交流將得到改善，使人們更容易參與其中。如今用關鍵詞搜索網絡會搜出太多無關內容。接著該段舉了“計算機芯片”與“薯片”的例子加以說明。［A］項具有迷惑性，可本質問題在于信息的“質”而非“量”。因此［C］項正確。［B］項與文意相反，不是“缺少”，而是“太多”。［D］項文中沒有提及。

　　4. 舉薯片的例子是用來說明_____。

　　［A］ 計算機目前發展中的缺陷［B］ 計算機芯片和薯片之間相似之處

　　［C］ 網絡上可獲得豐富的信息［D］ 計算機有時提供的是不相關的信息

　　［精解］ 答案D本題考查寫作目的。第四段中的相關內容指出，當我們在網上查詢比較快的計算機芯片時，計算機給我們的卻是薯片的信息，可見計算機提供了不相關的信息，應選［Ｄ］項。 ［A］項錯在computer，應換成web。［B］項是舉例中的細節，注意，計算機芯片和薯片在英語中是同一個單詞chip。［C］項與作者意圖相反，不是“豐富”，而是“泛濫”。

　　5. 這篇文章主要要表達的是_____。

　　［A］ 網絡正在成為一種新的信息傳輸方式［B］ 網絡將帶來一種新的生活方式

　　［C］ 電子商務隨著網絡的發展而發展 ［D］ 與網絡的交流將變得更容易

　　［精解］ 答案B本題考查文章主旨。［A］、 ［C］和［D］項分別是第一段、第二段和第四段的主旨內容。但從全文來看，第一、二段主要介紹了網絡給信息傳輸和商務帶來的變化，第三段前半部分提到，通訊費用的降低及軟件的改善可以使網絡成為更多人的生活方式。該段后半部分則介紹了軟件和硬件確實都在改善。因此，該段主要論述了網絡成為生活方式的可能性。第四段論述了未來人與網絡的交互也將得到改善，信息更準確，可以通過言語交流。第五段則總結到網絡成為生活方式的的日子不會太遙遠。因此［B］項是全文主旨。

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