2012年高考英語復習之主旨大意題技術2
2.常識推斷：有些時候，文章里并沒有提供任何可據以推斷的材料，或雖有提供，但卻不足以推出正確的未知事實。這時便須根據平常積累的有關知識來進行推斷。
例： Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.
If metal is heated and then cooled very quicky， for example by dipping it in water， it will be very hard but also very brittle（脆）——that is， it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished， by annealing it. The metal is heated， and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly， the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other mate rials， such as glass. Why do people put hot metal in water？ A. To make it hard. B. To make it soft. C. To make it cool. B. To make it brittl
從文中“by dipping it in water，it will be very hard but also very brittle.”這一信息還不足以推出正確答案。然后根據物理常識，在制造各種工具時，往往采取淬火這一工藝，其目的是使金屬變硬以便制成鋒利的工具。即可推出選項A為正確答案。
3.邏輯結論：這類推斷比前兩種困難得多。在閱讀過程中，讀者必須對文章的全部事實或細節作通盤考慮，從而得出合乎邏輯的結論。結論是根據事實作出的惟一決定。要想從一個句子，一個段落或一篇文章中得出正確的結論，讀者必須學會善于思考，不斷提高自己的邏輯思維能力。
例 Have you ever heard of a sport called tubing？ Hundreds of people float down a rushing river at once in old truck-tire tubes. Sometimes many hold hands. At first the ride is bumpy and frightful， for the narrow river rushes swiftly. Then the river widens and grows calm. Never try tubing alone or in rapids， however.
The story suggests that tubing________.
A. should not be done in moving water
B. is done mainly by truck drivers
C. costs a lot of money
D. can be dangerous
根據文中內容數百人乘坐著舊卡車，輪胎在湍急的河水中向下游漂去，顛簸而可怕，可推知這項運動是十分危險的。D項為正確答案。
(責任編輯：韓志霞)
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