成人高考高起點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣誤用辨析
2008-06-17 15:52:45 來(lái)源：育路成人高考頻道
1.中文：我要是你，我不會(huì)那么做。
（誤）I shouldn’t do that if I was you.
（正）I shouldn’t do that if I were you.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣不能用was，只能用were.）
2.中文：要是我父親現(xiàn)在在這里，他會(huì)告訴我該做什么。
（誤）If my father were here now， he will tell me what to do.
（正）If my father were here now， he would tell me what to do.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，主句的助動(dòng)詞只能用would，might等過(guò)去時(shí)。）
3.中文：要是我知道她的電話號(hào)碼，我就會(huì)給她打電話了。
（誤）If I knew her telephone number， I would have called her.
（正）If I had known her telephone number， I would have called her.（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。）
4.中文：要是昨天沒(méi)下雨她也許會(huì)來(lái)。
（誤）If it had not rained yesterday， he might come.
（正）If it had not rained yesterday， he might have come.（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，主句的動(dòng)詞要用助動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)might，could等＋HAVE＋過(guò)去分詞。）
5.中文：我不認(rèn)為我會(huì)失敗，但要是我失敗了，我會(huì)再努力。
（誤）I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I failed， I would try again.
（正）I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail， I would try again.（表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞用should加原形動(dòng)詞。）
6.中文：他要是帶了錢就會(huì)買它。
（誤）Did he bring some money with him， he would have bought it.
（正）Had he brought some money with him， he would have bought it.（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，若省略if，則用倒裝形式。）
7.中文：她要是個(gè)男人可能會(huì)當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。
（誤）Be she a man， she might be elected president.
（正）Were she a man， she might be elected president.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，不能用was，只能用were；若省略if，則將were放在句首。）
8.中文：我提議提高教師的薪資。
（誤）I suggested that the teachers’ wages could be increased.
（正）I suggested that the teachers’ wages should be increased.（suggest當(dāng)建議講時(shí)，后面的名詞從句的主要?jiǎng)釉~要用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。）
9.中文：他這么做是重要的。
（誤）It is important that he will do it.
（正）It is important that he do it.（It is important＋that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句的動(dòng)詞要用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。）
（誤）I shouldn’t do that if I was you.
（正）I shouldn’t do that if I were you.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣不能用was，只能用were.）
2.中文：要是我父親現(xiàn)在在這里，他會(huì)告訴我該做什么。
（誤）If my father were here now， he will tell me what to do.
（正）If my father were here now， he would tell me what to do.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，主句的助動(dòng)詞只能用would，might等過(guò)去時(shí)。）
3.中文：要是我知道她的電話號(hào)碼，我就會(huì)給她打電話了。
（誤）If I knew her telephone number， I would have called her.
（正）If I had known her telephone number， I would have called her.（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。）
4.中文：要是昨天沒(méi)下雨她也許會(huì)來(lái)。
（誤）If it had not rained yesterday， he might come.
（正）If it had not rained yesterday， he might have come.（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，主句的動(dòng)詞要用助動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)might，could等＋HAVE＋過(guò)去分詞。）
5.中文：我不認(rèn)為我會(huì)失敗，但要是我失敗了，我會(huì)再努力。
（誤）I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I failed， I would try again.
（正）I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail， I would try again.（表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞用should加原形動(dòng)詞。）
6.中文：他要是帶了錢就會(huì)買它。
（誤）Did he bring some money with him， he would have bought it.
（正）Had he brought some money with him， he would have bought it.（表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，若省略if，則用倒裝形式。）
7.中文：她要是個(gè)男人可能會(huì)當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。
（誤）Be she a man， she might be elected president.
（正）Were she a man， she might be elected president.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，不能用was，只能用were；若省略if，則將were放在句首。）
8.中文：我提議提高教師的薪資。
（誤）I suggested that the teachers’ wages could be increased.
（正）I suggested that the teachers’ wages should be increased.（suggest當(dāng)建議講時(shí)，后面的名詞從句的主要?jiǎng)釉~要用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。）
9.中文：他這么做是重要的。
（誤）It is important that he will do it.
（正）It is important that he do it.（It is important＋that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句的動(dòng)詞要用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。）
